ursula- 第4部分

arrange　those　zigzags　of　German　alliances。　For　a　long　time　the

Minorets　occupied　the　tanneries；　the　Cremieres　kept　the　mills；　the

Massins　were　in　trade；　and　the　Levraults　continued　farmers。

Fortunately　for　the　neighbourhood　these　four　stocks　threw　out　suckers

instead　of　depending　only　on　their　tap…roots；　they　scattered　cuttings

by　the　expatriation　of　sons　who　sought　their　fortune　elsewhere；　for

instance；　there　are　Minorets　who　are　cutlers　at　Melun；　Levraults　at

Montargis；　Massins　at　Orleans；　and　Cremieres　of　some　importance　in

Paris。　Divers　are　the　destinies　of　these　bees　from　the　parent　hive。

Rich　Massins　employ；　of　course；　the　poor　working　Massinsjust　as

Austria　and　Prussia　take　the　German　princes　into　their　service。　It　may

happen　that　a　public　office　is　managed　by　a　Minoret　millionaire　and

guarded　by　a　Minoret　sentinel。　Full　of　the　same　blood　and　called　by

the　same　name　（for　sole　likeness）；　these　four　roots　had　ceaselessly

woven　a　human　network　of　which　each　thread　was　delicate　or　strong；

fine　or　coarse；　as　the　case　might　be。　The　same　blood　was　in　the　head

and　in　the　feet　and　in　the　heart；　in　the　working　hands；　in　the　weakly

lungs；　in　the　forehead　big　with　genius。



The　chiefs　of　the　clan　were　faithful　to　the　little　town；　where　the

ties　of　family　were　relaxed　or　tightened　according　to　the　events　which

happened　under　this　curious　cognomenism。　In　whatever　part　of　France

you　may　be；　you　will　find　the　same　thing　under　changed　names；　but

without　the　poetic　charm　which　feudalism　gave　to　it；　and　which　Walter

Scott's　genius　reproduced　so　faithfully。　Let　us　look　a　little　higher

and　examine　humanity　as　it　appears　in　history。　All　the　noble　families

of　the　eleventh　century；　most　of　them　（except　the　royal　race　of　Capet）

extinct　to…day；　will　be　found　to　have　contributed　to　the　birth　of　the

Rohans；　Montmorencys；　Beauffremonts；　and　Mortemarts　of　our　time；in

fact　they　will　all　be　found　in　the　blood　of　the　last　gentleman　who　is

indeed　a　gentleman。　In　other　words；　every　bourgeois　is　cousin　to　a

bourgeois；　and　every　noble　is　cousin　to　a　noble。　A　splendid　page　of

biblical　genealogy　shows　that　in　one　thousand　years　three　families；

Shem；　Ham；　and　Japhet；　peopled　the　globe。　One　family　may　become　a

nation；　unfortunately；　a　nation　may　become　one　family。　To　prove　this

we　need　only　search　back　through　our　ancestors　and　see　their

accumulation；　which　time　increases　into　a　retrograde　geometric

progression；　which　multiplies　of　itself；　reminding　us　of　the

calculation　of　the　wise　man　who；　being　told　to　choose　a　reward　from

the　king　of　Persia　for　inventing　chess；　asked　for　one　ear　of　wheat　for

the　first　move　on　the　board；　the　reward　to　be　doubled　for　each

succeeding　move；　when　it　was　found　that　the　kingdom　was　not　large

enough　to　pay　it。　The　net…work　of　the　nobility；　hemmed　in　by　the　net…

work　of　the　bourgeoisie；the　antagonism　of　two　protected　races；　one

protected　by　fixed　institutions；　the　other　by　the　active　patience　of

labor　and　the　shrewdness　of　commerce；produced　the　revolution　of

1789。　The　two　races　almost　reunited　are　to…day　face　to　face　with

collaterals　without　a　heritage。　What　are　they　to　do？　Our　political

future　is　big　with　the　answer。



The　family　of　the　man　who　under　Louis　XV。　was　simply　called　Minoret

was　so　numerous　that　one　of　the　five　children　（the　Minoret　whose

entrance　into　the　parish　church　caused　such　interest）　went　to　Paris　to

seek　his　fortune；　and　seldom　returned　to　his　native　town；　until　he

came　to　receive　his　share　of　the　inheritance　of　his　grandfather。　After

suffering　many　things；　like　all　young　men　of　firm　will　who　struggle

for　a　place　in　the　brilliant　world　of　Paris；　this　son　of　the　Minorets

reached　a　nobler　destiny　than　he　had；　perhaps；　dreamed　of　at　the

start。　He　devoted　himself；　in　the　first　instance；　to　medicine；　a

profession　which　demands　both　talent　and　a　cheerful　nature；　but　the

latter　qualification　even　more　than　talent。　Backed　by　Dupont　de

Nemours；　connected　by　a　lucky　chance　with　the　Abbe　Morellet　（whom

Voltaire　nicknamed　Mords…les）；　and　protected　by　the　Encyclopedists；

Doctor　Minoret　attached　himself　as　liegeman　to　the　famous　Doctor

Bordeu；　the　friend　of　Diderot；　D'Alembert；　Helvetius；　the　Baron

d'Holbach　and　Grimm；　in　whose　presence　he　felt　himself　a　mere　boy。

These　men；　influenced　by　Bordeu's　example；　became　interested　in

Minoret；　who；　about　the　year　1777；　found　himself　with　a　very　good

practice　among　deists；　encyclopedists；　sensualists；　materialists；　or

whatever　you　are　pleased　to　call　the　rich　philosophers　of　that　period。



Though　Minoret　was　very　little　of　a　humbug；　he　invented　the　famous

balm　of　Lelievre；　so　much　extolled　by　the　〃Mercure　de　France；〃　the

weekly　organ　of　the　Encyclopedists；　in　whose　columns　it　was

permanently　advertised。　The　apothecary　Lelievre；　a　clever　man；　saw　a

stroke　of　business　where　Minoret　had　only　seen　a　new　preparation　for

the　dispensary；　and　he　loyally　shared　his　profits　with　the　doctor；　who

was　a　pupil　of　Rouelle　in　chemistry　as　well　as　of　Bordeu　in　medicine。

Less　than　that　would　make　a　man　a　materialist。



The　doctor　married　for　love　in　1778；　during　the　reign　of　the　〃Nouvelle

Heloise；〃　when　persons　did　occasionally　marry　for　that　reason。　His

wife　was　a　daughter　of　the　famous　harpsichordist　Valentin　Mirouet；　a

celebrated　musician；　frail　and　delicate；　whom　the　Revolution　slew。

Minoret　knew　Robespierre　intimately；　for　he　had　once　been　instrumental

in　awarding　him　a　gold　medal　for　a　dissertation　on　the　following

subject：　〃What　is　the　origin　of　the　opinion　that　covers　a　whole　family

with　the　shame　attaching　to　the　public　punishment　of　a　guilty　member

of　it？　Is　that　opinion　more　harmful　than　useful？　If　yes；　in　what　way

can　the　harm　be　warded　off。〃　The　Royal　Academy　of　Arts　and　Sciences　at

Metz；　to　which　Minoret　belonged；　must　possess　this　dissertation　in　the

original。　Though；　thanks　to　this　friendship；　the　Doctor's　wife　need

have　had　no　fear；　she　was　so　in　dread　of　going　to　the　scaffold　that

her　terror　increased　a　disposition　to　heart　disease　caused　by　the

over…sensitiveness　of　her　nature。　In　spite　of　all　the　precautions

taken　by　the　man　who　idolized　her；　Ursula　unfortunately　met　the

tumbril　of　victims　among　whom　was　Madame　Roland；　and　the　shock　caused

her　death。　Minoret；　who　in　tenderness　to　his　wife　had　refused　her

nothing；　and　had　given　her　a　life　of　luxury；　found　himself　after　her

death　almost　a　poor　man。　Robespierre　gave　him　an　appointment　as

surgeon…in…charge　of　a　hospital。



Though　the　name　of　Minoret　obtained　during　the　lively　debates　to　which

mesmerism　gave　rise　a　certain　celebrity　which　occasionally　recalled

him　to　the　minds　of　his　relatives；　still　the　Revolution　was　so　great　a

destroyer　of　family　relations　that　in　1813　Nemours　knew　little　of

Doctor　Minoret；　who　was　induced　to　think　of　returning　there　to　die；

like　the　hare　to　its　form；　by　a　circumstance　that　was　wholly

accidental。



Who　has　not　felt　in　traveling　through　France；　where　the　eye　is　often

wearied　by　the　monotony　of　plains；　the　charming　sensation　of　coming

suddenly；　when　the　eye　is　prepared　for　a　barren　landscape；　upon　a

fresh　cool　valley；　watered　by　a　river；　with　a　little　town　sheltering

beneath　a　cliff　like　a　swarm　of　bees　in　the　hollow　of　an　old　willow？

Wakened　by　the　〃hu！　hu！〃　of　the　postilion　as　he　walks　beside　his

horses；　we　shake　off　sleep　and　admire；　like　a　dream　within　a　dream；

the　beautiful　scene　which　is　to　the　traveler　what　a　noble　passage　in　a

book　is　to　a　reader；a　brilliant　thought　of　Nature。　Such　is　the

sensation　caused　by　a　first　sight　of　Nemours　as　we　approach　it　from

Burgundy。　We　see　it　encircled　with　bare　rocks；　gray；　black；　white；

fantastic　in　shape　like　those　we　find　in　the　forest　of　Fontainebleau；

from　them　spring　scattered　trees；　clearly　defined　against　the　sky；

which　give　to　this　particular　rock　formation　the　dilapidated　look　of　a

crumbling　wall。　Here　ends　the　long　wooded　hill　which　creeps　from

Nemours　to　Bouron；　skirting　the　road。　At　the　bottom　of　this　irregular

ampitheater　lie　meadow…lands　through　which　flows　the　Loing；　forming

sheets　of　water　with　many　falls。　This　delightful　landscape；　which

continues　the　whole　way　to　Montargis；　is　like　an　opera　scene；　for　its

effects　really　seem　to　have　been　studied。



One　morning　Doctor　Minoret；　who　had　been　summoned　into　Burgundy　by　a

rich　patient；　was　returning　in　all　haste　to　Paris。　Not　having

mentioned　at　the　last　relay　the　route　he　intended　to　take；　he　was

brought　without　his　knowledge　through　Nemours；　and　beheld　once　more；

on　waking　from　a　nap；　the　scenery　in　which　his　childhood　had　been

passed。　He　had　lately　lost　many　of　his　old　friends。　The　votary　of　the

Encyclopedists　had　witnessed　the　conversion　of　La　Harpe；　he　had　buried

Lebrun…Pindare　and　Marie…Joseph　de　Chenier；　and　Morellet；　and　Madame

Helvetius。　He　assisted　at　the　quasi…fall　of　Voltaire　when　assailed　by

Geoffroy；　the　continuator　of　Freton。　For　some　time　past　he　had　thought

of　retiring；　and　so；　when　his　post　chaise　stopped　at　the　head　of　the

Grand'Rue　of　Nemours；　his　heart　prompted　him　to　inquire　for　his

family。　Minoret…Levrault；　the　post　master；　came　forward　himself　to　see

the　doctor；　who　discovered　him　to　be　the　son　of　his　eldest　brother。

The　nephew　presented　the　doctor　to　his　wife；　the　only　daughter　of　the

late　Levrault…Cremiere；　who　had　died　twelve　years　earlier；　leaving　him

the　post　business　and　the　finest　inn　in　Nemours。



〃Well；　nephew；〃　said　the　doctor；　〃have　I　any　other　relatives？〃



〃My　aunt　Minoret；　your　sister；　married　a　Massin…Massin〃



〃Yes；　I　know；　the　bailiff　of　Saint…Lange。〃



〃She　died　a　widow　leaving　an　only　daughter；　who　has　lately　married　a

Cremiere…Cremiere；　a　fine　young　fellow；　still　without　a　place。〃



〃Ah！　she　is　my　own　niece。　Now；　as　my　brother；　the　sailor；　died　a

bachelor；　and　Captain　Minoret　was　killed　at　Monte…Legino；　and　here　I

am；　that　ends　the　paternal　line。　Have　I　any　relations　on　the　maternal

side？　My　mother　was　a　Je