ed every word and gesture of Speransky’s with peculiar intentness。 As is often the case with men； particularly with those who criticise their fellows severely； Prince Andrey on meeting a new person； especially one like Speransky； whom he knew by reputation； had always a hope of finding in him a full perfection of human qualities。
Speransky said to Kotchubey that he was sorry that he had not been able to come earlier； because he had been detained at the palace。 He did not say that the Tsar had kept him。 And this affectation of modesty did not escape Prince Andrey。 When Kotchubey mentioned Prince Andrey’s name to him； Speransky slowly transferred his eyes to Bolkonsky； with the same smile on his face； and gazed for a moment at him in silence。
“I am very glad to make your acquaintance； I have heard of you； as every one has；” said he。
Kotchubey said a few words about the reception Araktcheev had given Bolkonsky。 Speransky’s smile broadened。
“The chairman of the Committee of Army Regulations is a friend of mine—M。 Magnitsky；” he said； articulating fully every word and every syllable； “and； if you wish it； I can make you acquainted with him。” （He paused at the full stop。） “I expect that you would meet with sympathy in him and a desire to assist in anything reasonable。”
A circle formed at once round Speransky； and the same old gentleman； who had talked of his clerk； Pryanitchnikov； addressed a question to Speransky。
Taking no part in the conversation； Prince Andrey watched every gesture of Speransky—this man； only a little time before an insignificant divinity student； who now held in his hands—those plump white hands—the fate of Russia； as Bolkonsky thought。 Prince Andrey was struck by the extraordinarily contemptuous composure with which Speransky answered the old gentleman。 He seemed to drop him his condescending words from an immeasurable height above him。 When the old gentleman began talking too loud； Speransky smiled and said that he could not judge of the advantage or disadvantage of what the Tsar saw fit to command。
After talking for a little while in the general circle； Speransky got up； and going to Prince Andrey； drew him away to the other end of the room。 It was evident that he thought it well to interest himself in Bolkonsky。
“I have not had time for a word with you； prince； in the engrossing conversation into which I was dragged by that excellent old gentleman；” he said； with a smile of bland contempt； by which he seemed to take for granted that Prince Andrey and himself were at one in recognising the insignificance of the people with whom he had just been talking。 This flattered Prince Andrey。 “I have known you for a long while： first from your action with the serfs； the first instance of the kind among us； an example which one would desire to find many following； and； secondly； from your being one of those kammerherrs who have not considered themselves wronged by the new decree in regard to promotion by court favour； that has provoked so much criticism and censure。”
“Yes；” said Prince Andrey； “my father did not care for me to take advantage of that privilege； I began the service from the lower grades。”
“Your father； a man of the older generation； is undoubtedly above the level of our contemporaries； who condemn this measure； though it is simply an act of natural justice。”
“I imagine there is some basis though even for that condemnation；” said Prince Andrey； trying to resist the influence of Speransky； of which he began to be aware。 He disliked agreeing with him in everything； he tried to oppose him。 Prince Andrey； who usually spoke so well and so readily； felt a difficulty even in expressing himself as he talked with Speransky。 He was too much occupied in observing the personality of the celebrated man。
“In the interests of personal ambition perhaps；” Speransky slowly put in his word。
“And to some extent in the interests of the state；” said Prince Andrey。
“How do you mean？…” said Speransky slowly； dropping his eyes。
“I am an admirer of Montesquieu；” said Prince Andrey。 “And his theory that the principle of monarchies is honour seems to me incontestable。 Certain rights and privileges of the nobility appear to me to be means of maintaining that sentiment。”
The smile vanished from Speransky’s white face； and his countenance gained greatly by its absence。 Probably Prince Andrey’s idea seemed to him an interesting one。
“If you look at the question from that point of view；” he began； pronouncing French with obvious difficulty； and speaking even more deliberately than he had done when speaking Russian； but still with perfect composure。 He said that honour； l’honneur； cannot be supported by privileges prejudicial to the working of the government； that honour； l’honneur； is either a negative concept of avoidance of reprehensible actions or a certain source of emulation in obtaining the commendation and rewards in which it finds expression。
His arguments were condensed； simple； and clear。 “The institution that best maintains that honour； the source of emulation； is an institution akin to the Legion of Honour of the great Emperor Napoleon； which does not detract from but conduces to the successful working of the government service； and not a class or court privilege。”
“I do not dispute that； but there is no denying that the court privileges did attain the same object；” said Prince Andrey。 “Every courtier thought himself bound to do credit to his position。”
“But you did not care to profit by it； prince；” said Speransky； showing with a smile that he wished to conclude with civility an argument embarrassing for his companion。 “If you will do me the honour to call on Wednesday； then I shall have seen Magnitsky； and shall have something to tell you that may interest you； and besides I shall have the pleasure of more conversation with you。” Closing his eyes； he bowed； and trying to escape unnoticed； he went out of the drawing…room without saying good…bye； à la fran？aise。
Chpater 6
DURING THE FIRST PART of his stay in Petersburg； Prince Andrey found all the habits of thought he had formed in his solitary life completely obscured by the trifling cares which engrossed him in Petersburg。
In the evening on returning home he noted down in his memorandum…book four or five unavoidable visits or appointments for fixed hours。 The mechanism of life； the arrangement of his day； so as to be in time everywhere； absorbed the greater part of his vital energy。 He did nothing； thought of nothing even； and had no time to think； but only talked； and talked successfully； of what he had had time to think about in the past in the country。
He sometimes noticed with dissatisfaction that it happened to him to repeat the same remarks on the same day to different audiences。 But he was so busy for whole days together that he had no time to reflect that he was thinking of nothing。 Just as at their first meeting at Kotchubey’s； Speransky had a long and confidential talk with Prince Andrey on Wednesday at his own home； where he received Bolkonsky alone and made a great impression on him。
Prince Andrey regarded the immense mass of men as contemptible and worthless creatures； and he had such a longing to find in some other man the living pattern of that perfection after which he strove himself； that he was ready to believe that in Speransky he had found this ideal of a perfectly rational and virtuous man。 Had Speransky belonged to the same world as Prince Andrey； had he been of the same breeding and moral traditions； Bolkonsky would soon have detected the weak； human； unheroic sides of his character； but this logical turn of mind was strange to him and inspired him with the more respect from his not fully understanding it。 Besides this； Speransky； either because he appreciated Prince Andrey’s abilities or because he thought it as well to secure his adherence； showed off his calm； impartial sagacity before Prince Andrey； and flattered him with that delicate flattery that goes hand in hand with conceit； and consists in a tacit assumption that one’s companion and oneself are the only people capable of understanding all the folly of the rest of the world and the sagacity and profundity of their own ideas。
In the course of their long conversation on Wednesday evening Speransky said more than once： “Among us everything that is out of the common rut of tradition is looked at；” … or with a smile： “But we want the wolves to be well fed and the sheep to be unhurt。” … or： “They can’t grasp that” … and always with an expression that said。 “We； you and I； we understand what they are and who we are。”
This first long conversation with Speransky only strengthened the feeling with which Prince Andrey had seen him for the first time。 He saw in him a man of vast intellect and sober； accurate judgment； who had attained power by energy and persistence； and was using it for the good of Russia only。 In Prince Andrey’s eyes Speransky was precisely the man—finding a rational explanation for all the phenomena of life； recognising as of importance only what was rational and capable of applying the standard of reason to everything—that he would have liked to be himself。 Everything took a form so simple； so clear in Speransky’s exposition of it that Prince Andrey could not help agreeing with him on every subject。 If he argued and raised objections it was simply with the express object of being independent and not being entirely swayed by Speransky’s ideas。 Everything was right； everything was as it should be； yet one thing disconcerted Prince Andrey。 That was the cold； mirror…like eye of Speransky； which seemed to refuse all admittance to his soul； and his flabby； white hand； at which Prince Andrey instinctively looked； as one usually does look at the hands of men who have power。 That mirror…like eye and that flabby hand vaguely irritated Prince Andrey。 He was disagreeably struck too by the excessive contempt for other people that he observed in Speransky； and by the variety of the lines of argument he employed in support of his views。 He made use of every possible weapon of thought； except analogy； and his transitions from one line of defence to another seemed to Prince Andrey too violent。 At one time he to