When the wave of Johnston’s men had passed； the weary veterans from the Army of Virginia arrived and then men from the Western troops； beating their way south toward homes which might not exist and families which might be scattered or dead。 Most of them were walking； a few fortunate ones rode bony horses and mules which the terms of the surrender had permitted them to keep； gaunt animals which even an untrained eye could tell would never reach far…away Florida and south Georgia。
Going home！ Going home！ That was the only thought in the soldiers’ minds。 Some were sad and silent； others gay and contemptuous of hardships； but the thought that it was all over and they were going home was the one thing that sustained them。 Few of them were bitter。 They left bitterness to their women and their old people。 They had fought a good fight； had been licked and were willing to settle down peaceably to plowing beneath the flag they had fought。
Going home！ Going home！ They could talk of nothing else； neither battles nor wounds； nor imprisonment nor the future。 Later； they would refight battles and tell children and grandchildren of pranks and forays and charges； of hunger； forced marches and wounds； but not now。 Some of them lacked an arm or a leg or an eye； many had scars which would ache in rainy weather if they lived for seventy years but these seemed small matters now。 Later it would be different。
Old and young； talkative and taciturn； rich planter and sallow Cracker； they all had two things in common； lice and dysentery。 The Confederate soldier was so accustomed to his verminous state he did not give it a thought and scratched unconcernedly even in the presence of ladies。 As for dysentery—the “bloody flux” as the ladies delicately called it—it seemed to have spared no one from private to general。 Four years of half…starvation； four years of rations which were coarse or green or half…putrefied； had done its work with them； and every soldier who stopped at Tara was either just recovering or was actively suffering from it。
“Dey ain’ a soun’ set of bowels in de whole Confedrut ahmy；” observed Mammy darkly as she sweated over the fire； brewing a bitter concoction of blackberry roots which had been Ellen’s sovereign remedy for such afflictions。 “It’s mah notion dat ‘twarn’t de Yankees whut beat our gempmum。 Twuz dey own innards。 Kain no gempmum fight wid his bowels tuhnin’ ter water。”
One and all； Mammy dosed them； never waiting to ask foolish questions about the state of their organs and； one and all； they drank her doses meekly and with wry faces； remembering； perhaps； other stern black faces in far…off places and other inexorable black hands holding medicine spoons。
In the matter of “comp’ny” Mammy was equally adamant。 No lice…ridden soldier should come into Tara。 She marched them behind a clump of thick bushes； relieved them of their uniforms； gave them a basin of water and strong lye soap to wash with and provided them with quilts and blankets to cover their nakedness； while she boiled their clothing in her huge wash pot。 It was useless for the girls to argue hotly that such conduct humiliated the soldiers。 Mammy replied that the girls would be a sight more humiliated if they found lice upon themselves。
When the soldiers began arriving almost daily； Mammy protested against their being allowed to use the bedrooms。 Always she feared lest some louse had escaped her。 Rather than argue the matter； Scarlett turned the parlor with its deep velvet rug into a dormitory。 Mammy cried out equally loudly at the sacrilege of soldiers being permitted to sleep on Miss Ellen’s rug but Scarlett was firm。 They had to sleep somewhere。 And； in the months after the surrender； the deep soft nap began to show signs of wear and finally the heavy warp and woof showed through in spots where heels had worn it and spurs dug carelessly。
Of each soldier； they asked eagerly of Ashley。 Suellen； bridling； always asked news of Mr。 Kennedy。 But none of the soldiers had ever heard of them nor were they inclined to talk about the missing。 It was enough that they themselves were alive； and they did not care to think of the thousands in unmarked graves who would never come home。
The family tried to bolster Melanie’s courage after each of these disappointments。 Of course； Ashley hadn’t died in prison。 Some Yankee chaplain would have written if this were true。 Of course； he was coming home but his prison was so far away。 Why； goodness； it took days riding on a train to make the trip and if Ashley was walking； like these men 。。。 Why hadn’t he written？ Well； darling； you know what the mails are now—so uncertain and slipshod even where mail routes are re…established。 But suppose—suppose he had died on the way home。 Now； Melanie； some Yankee woman would have surely written us about it！ 。。。 Yankee women！ Bah！ 。。。 Melly； there are some nice Yankee women。 Oh； yes； there are！ God couldn’t make a whole nation without having some nice women in it！ Scarlett； you remember we did meet a nice Yankee woman at Saratoga that time—Scarlett； tell Melly about her！
“Nice； my foot！” replied Scarlett。 “She asked me how many bloodhounds we kept to chase our darkies with！ I agree with Melly。 I never saw a nice Yankee； male or female。 But don’t cry； Melly！ Ashley’ll come home。 It’s a long walk and maybe—maybe he hasn’t got any boots。”
Then at the thought of Ashley barefooted； Scarlett could have cried。 Let other soldiers limp by in rags with their feet tied up in sacks and strips of carpet； but not Ashley。 He should come home on a prancing horse； dressed in fine clothes and shining boots； a plume in his hat。 It was the final degradation for her to think of Ashley reduced to the state of these other soldiers。
One afternoon in June when everyone at Tara was assembled on the back porch eagerly watching Pork cut the first half…ripe watermelon of the season； they heard hooves on the gravel of the front drive。 Prissy started languidly toward the front door； while those left behind argued hotly as to whether they should hide the melon or keep it for supper； should the caller at the door prove to be a soldier。
Melly and Carreen whispered that the soldier guest should have a share and Scarlett； backed by Suellen and Mammy； hissed to Pork to hide it quickly。
“Don’t be a goose； girls！ There’s not enough for us as it is and if there are two or three famished soldiers out there； none of us will even get a taste；” said Scarlett。
While Pork stood with the little melon clutched to him； uncertain as to the final decision； they heard Prissy cry out。
“Gawdlmighty！ Miss Scarlett！ Miss Melly！ Come quick！”
“Who is it？” cried Scarlett； leaping up from the steps and racing through the hall with Melly at her shoulder and the others streaming after her。
Ashley！ she thought Oh； perhaps—
“It’s Uncle Peter！ Miss Pittypat’s Uncle Peter！”
They all ran out to the front porch and saw the tall grizzled old despot of Aunt Pitty’s house climbing down from a rat…tailed nag on which a section of quilting had been strapped。 On his wide black face； accustomed dignity strove with delight at seeing old friends； with the result that his brow was furrowed in a frown but his mouth was hanging open like a happy toothless old hound’s。
Everyone ran down the steps to greet him； black and white shaking his hand and asking questions； but Melly’s voice rose above them all。
“Auntie isn’t sick； is she？”
“No’m。 She’s po’ly； thank God；” answered Peter； fastening a severe look first on Melly and then on Scarlett； so that they suddenly felt guilty but could think of no reason why。 “She’s po’ly but she is plum outdone wid you young Misses； an’ ef it come right down to it； Ah is too！”
“Why； Uncle Peter！ What on earth—”
“Y’all nee’n try ter ‘scuse you’seffs。 Ain’ Miss Pitty writ you an’ writ you ter come home？ Ain’ Ah seed her write an’ seed her a…cryin’ w’en y’all writ her back dat you got too much ter do on disyere ole farm ter come home？”
“But； Uncle Peter—”
“Huccome you leave Miss Pitty by herseff lak dis w’en she so scary lak？ You know well’s Ah do Miss Pitty ain’ never live by herseff an’ she been shakin’ in her lil shoes ever since she come back frum Macom。 She say fer me ter tell y’all plain as Ah knows how dat she jes’ kain unnerstan’ y’all desertin’ her in her hour of need。”
“Now； hesh！” said Mammy tartly； for it sat ill upon her to hear Tara referred to as an “ole farm。” Trust an ignorant city…bred darky not to know the difference between a farm and a plantation。 “Ain’ us got no hours of need？ Ain’ us needin’ Miss Scarlett an’ Miss Melly right hyah an’ needin’ dem bad？ Huccome Miss Pitty doan ast her brudder fer ‘sistance； does she need any？”
Uncle Peter gave her a withering look。
“Us ain’ had nuthin’ ter do wid Mist’ Henry fer y’ars； an’ us is too ole ter start now。” He turned back to the girls； who were trying to suppress their smiles。 “You young Misses ought ter tek shame； leavin’ po’ Miss Pitty lone； wid half her frens daid an’ de other half in Macom； an’ ‘Lanta full of Yankee sojers an’ trashy free issue niggers。”
The two girls had borne the castigation with straight faces as long as they could； but the thought of Aunt Pitty sending Peter to scold them and bring them back bodily to Atlanta was too much for their control。 They burst into laughter and hung on each other’s shoulders for support。 Naturally； Pork and Dilcey and Mammy gave vent to loud guffaws at hearing the detractor of their beloved Tara set at naught。 Suellen and Carreen giggled and even Gerald’s face wore a vague smile。 Everyone laughed except Peter； who shifted from one large splayed foot to the other in mounting indignation。
“Whut’s wrong wid you； nigger？” inquired Mammy with a grin。 “Is you gittin’ too ole ter perteck yo’ own Missus？” Peter was outraged。
“Too ole！ Me too ole？ No； Ma’m！ Ah kin perteck Miss Pitty lak Ah allus done。 Ain’ Ah perteck her down ter Macom when us refugeed？ Ain’ Ah perteck her w’en de Yankees come ter Macom an’ she so sceered she faintin’ all de time？ An’ ain’ Ah ‘quire disyere nag ter bring her back ter ‘Lanta an’ perteck her an’