strong cause； one ought to open the internal vein of the right arm；
and abstract blood more or less according to the habit and age of
the patient。 Such cases are mostly attended with the following
symptoms： redness of the face； eyes fixed； hands distended； grinding
of the teeth； palpitations； jaws fixed； coldness of the extremities；
retention of airs in the veins。
5。 When pains precede； and there are influxes of black bile and of
acrid humors； and when by their pungency the internal parts are
pained； and the veins being pinched and dried become distended； and
getting inflamed attract the humors running into the parts； whence the
blood being vitiated； and the airs collected there not being able to
find their natural passages； coldness comes on in consequence of
this stasis； with vertigo； loss of speech； heaviness of the head；
and convulsion； if the disease fix on the liver； the heart； or the
great vein （vena cava？）； whence they are seized with epilepsy or
apoplexy； if the defluxions fall upon the containing parts； and if
they are dried up by airs which cannot make their escape； such persons
having been first tormented are to be immediately bled at the
commencement； while all the peccant vapors and humors are buoyant； for
then the cases more easily admit of a cure； and then supporting the
strength and attending to the crisis； we may give emetics； unless
the disease be alleviated； or if the bowels be not moved； we may
administer a clyster and give the boiled milk of asses； to the
amount of not less than twelve heminae； or if the strength permit；
to more than sixteen。
6。 Quinsy takes place when a copious and viscid defluxion from the
head； in the season of winter or spring； flows into the jugular veins；
and when from their large size they attract a greater defluxion； and
when owing to the defluxion being of a cold and viscid nature it
becomes enfarcted； obstructing the passages of the respiration and
of the blood； coagulates the surrounding blood； and renders it
motionless and stationary； it being naturally cold and disposed to
obstructions。 Hence they are seized with convulsive suffocation； the
tongue turning livid； assuming a rounded shape； and being vent owing
to the veins which are seated below the tongue （for when an enlarged
uvula； which is called uva； is cut； a large vein may be observed on
each side）。 These veins； then； becoming filled； and their roots
extending into the tongue； which is of a loose and spongy texture； it；
owing to its dryness receiving forcibly the juice from the veins；
changes from broad and becomes round； its natural color turns to
livid； from a soft consistence it grows hard； instead of being
flexible it becomes inflexible； so that the patient would soon be
suffocated unless speedily relieved。 Bleeding； then； in the arm； and
opening the sublingual veins； and purging with the electuaries； and
giving warm gargles； and shaving the head； we must apply to it and the
neck a cerate； and wrap them round with wool； and foment with soft
sponges squeezed out of hot water； give to drink water and hydromel；
not cold； and administer the juice of ptisan when； having passed the
crisis； the patient is out of danger。 When； in the season of summer or
autumn； there is a hot and nitrous defluxion from the head （it is
rendered hot and acrid by the season）； being of such a nature it
corrodes and ulcerates； and fills with air； and orthopnoea attended
with great dryness supervenes； the fauces； when examined； do not
seem swollen； the tendons on the back part of the neck are contracted；
and have the appearance as if it were tetanus； the voice is lost；
the breathing is small； and inspiration becomes frequent and
laborious。 In such persons the trachea becomes ulcerated； and the
lungs engorged； from the patient's not being able to draw in the
external air。 In such cases； unless there be a spontaneous
determination to the external parts of the neck； the symptoms become
still more dreadful； and the danger more imminent； partly owing to the
season； and the hot and acrid humors which cause the disease。
7。 When fever seizes a person who has lately taken food； and whose
bowels are loaded with faces which have been long retained； whether it
be attended with pain of the side or not； he ought to lie quiet
until the food descend to the lower region of the bowels； and use
oxymel for drink； but when the load descends to the loins； a clyster
should be administered； or he should be purged by medicine； and when
purged； he should take ptisan for food and hydromel for drink； then he
may take the cerealia； and boiled fishes； and a watery wine in small
quantity； at night； but during the day； a watery hydromel。 When the
flatus is offensive； either a suppository or clyster is to be
administered； but otherwise the oxymel is to be discontinued； until
the matters descend to the lower part of the bowels； and then they are
to be evacuated by a clyster。 But if the ardent fever （causus）
supervene when the bowels are empty； should you still judge it
proper to administer purgative medicine； it ought not be done during
the first three days； nor earlier than the fourth。 When you give the
medicine； use the ptisan； observing the paroxysms of the fevers； so as
not to give it when the fever is setting in； but when it is ceasing；
or on the decline； and as far as possible from the commencement。
When the feet are cold； give neither drink nor ptisan； nor anything
else of the kind； but reckon it an important rule to refrain until
they become warm； and then you may administer them with advantage。 For
the most part； coldness of the feet is a symptom of a paroxysm of
the fever coming on； and if at such a season you apply those things；
you will commit the greatest possible mistake； for you will augment
the disease in no small degree。 But when the fever ceases； the feet；
on the contrary； become hotter than the rest of the body； for when the
heat leaves the feet； it is kindled up in the breast； and sends its
flame up to the head。 And when all the heat rushes upwards； and is
exhaled at the head； it is not to be wondered at that the feet
become cold； being devoid of flesh； and tendinous； and besides； they
contract cold； owing to their distance from the hotter parts of the
body； an accumulation of heat having taken place in the chest： and
again； in like manner； when the fever is resolved and dissipated；
the heat descends to the feet； and； at the same time； the head and
chest become cold。 Wherefore one should attend to this； that when
the feet are cold； the bowels are necessarily hot； and filled with
nauseous matters； the hypochondrium distended： there is jactitation of
the body； owing to the internal disturbance； and aberration of the
intellect； and pains； the patient is agitated； and wishes to vomit；
and if he vomits bad matters he is pained； but when the heat
descends to the feet； and the urine passes freely； he is every way
lightened； even although he does not sweat； at this season； then；
the ptisan ought to be given； it would be death to give it before。
8。 When the bowels are loose during the whole course of fevers； in
this case we are most especially to warm the feet； and see that they
are properly treated with cerates； and wrapped in shawls； so that they
may not become colder than the rest of the body； but when they are
hot； no fomentation must be made to them； but care is to be taken that
they do not become cold； and very little drink is to be used； either
cold water or hydromel。 In those cases of fever where the bowels are
loose； and the mind is disordered； the greater number of patients pick
the wool from their blankets； scratch their noses； answer briefly when
questions are put to them； but； when left to themselves； utter nothing
that is rational。 Such attacks appear to me to be connected with black
bile。 When in these cases there is a colliquative diarrhoea； I am of
opinion that we ought to give the colder and thicker ptisans； and that
the drinks ought to be binding； of a vinous nature； and rather
astringent。 In cases of fever attended from the first with vertigo；
throbbing of the head； and thin urine； you may expect the fever to
be exacerbated at the crisis； neither need it excite wonder；
although there be delirium。 When； at the commencement； the urine is
cloudy or thick； it is proper to purge gently； provided this be
otherwise proper； but when the urine at first is thin； do not purge
such patients； but； if thought necessary； give a clyster； such
patients should be thus treated； they should be kept in a quiet state；
have unguents applied to them； and be covered up properly with
clothes； and they should use for drink a watery hydromel； and the
juice of ptisan as a draught in the evening； clear out the bowels at
first with a clyster； but give no purgative medicines to them； for； if
you move the bowels strongly； the urine is not concocted； but the
fever remains long； without sweats and without a crisis。 Do not give
draughts when the time of the crisis is at hand； if there be
agitation； but only when the fever abates and is alleviated。 It is
proper to be guarded at the crises of other fevers； and to withhold
the draughts at that season。 Fevers of this description are apt to
be protracted； and to have determinations； if the inferior extremities
be cold； about the ears and neck； or； if these parts are not cold；
to have other changes； they have epistaxis； and disorder of the
bowels。 But in cases of fever attended with nausea； or distention of
the hypochondria； when the patients cannot lie reclined in the same
position； and the extremities are cold； the greatest care and
precaution are necessary； nothing should be given to them； except
oxymel diluted with water； no draught should be administered； until
the fever abate and the urine be concocted； the patient should be laid
in a dark apartment； and recline upon the softest couch； and he should
be kept as long as possible in the same position； so as not to toss
about； for this is particularly beneficial to him。 Apply to the
hypochondrium linseed by inunctions； taking care that he do not
catch cold when the application is made； let it be in a tepid state；
and boiled in water and oil。 One ma