of the epidemics- 第4部分

have　a　remission　at　night；　and　others　hold　a　remission　during　the　day；



semi…tertians；　tertians；　quartans；　quintans；　septans；　nonans。　The　most



acute；　strongest；　most　dangerous；　and　fatal　diseases；　occur　in　the



continual　fever。　The　least　dangerous　of　all；　and　the　mildest　and



most　protracted；　is　the　quartan；　for　it　is　not　only　such　from



itself；　but　it　also　carries　off　other　great　diseases。　In　what　is



called　the　semi…tertian；　other　acute　diseases　are　apt　to　occur；　and　it



is　the　most　fatal　of　all　others；　and　moreover　phthisical　persons；



and　those　laboring　under　other　protracted　diseases；　are　apt　to　be



attacked　by　it。　The　nocturnal　fever　is　not　very　fatal；　but　protracted；



the　diurnal　is　still　more　protracted；　and　in　some　cases　passes　into



phthisis。　The　septan　is　protracted；　but　not　fatal；　the　nonan　more



protracted；　and　not　fatal。　The　true　tertian　comes　quickly　to　a　crisis；



and　is　not　fatal；　but　the　quintan　is　the　worst　of　all；　for　it　proves



fatal　when　it　precedes　an　attack　of　phthisis；　and　when　it　supervenes



on　persons　who　are　already　consumptive。　There　are　peculiar　modes；



and　constitutions；　and　paroxysms；　in　every　one　of　these　fevers；　for



example；…　the　continual；　in　some　cases　at　the　very　commencement；



grows；　as　it　were；　and　attains　its　full　strength；　and　rises　to　its



most　dangerous　pitch；　but　is　diminished　about　and　at　the　crisis；　in



others　it　begins　gentle　and　suppressed；　but　gains　ground　and　is



exacerbated　every　day；　and　bursts　forth　with　all　its　heat　about　and　at



the　crisis；　while　in　others；　again；　it　commences　mildly；　increases；



and　is　exacerbated　until　it　reaches　its　acme；　and　then　remits　until　at



and　about　the　crisis。　These　varieties　occur　in　every　fever；　and　in



every　disease。　From　these　observations　one　must　regulate　the　regimen



accordingly。　There　are　many　other　important　symptoms　allied　to



these；　part　of　which　have　been　already　noticed；　and　part　will　be



described　afterwards；　from　a　consideration　of　which　one　may　judge；　and



decided　in　each　case；　whether　the　disease　be　acute；　acute；　and　whether



it　will　end　in　death　or　recovery；　or　whether　it　will　be　protracted；



and　will　end　in　death　or　recovery；　and　in　what　cases　food　is　to　be



given；　and　in　what　not；　and　when　and　to　what　amount；　and　what



particular　kind　of　food　is　to　be　administered。



　　3。　Those　diseases　which　have　their　paroxysms　on　even　days　have　their



crises　on　even　days；　and　those　which　have　their　paroxysms　on　uneven



days　have　their　crises　on　uneven　days。　The　first　period　of　those　which



have　the　crisis　on　even　days；　is　the　4th；　6th；　8th；　10th；　14th；



20th；　30th；　40th；　60th；　80th；　100th；　and　the　first　period　of　those



which　have　their　crises　on　uneven　days；　is　the　1st；　3d；　5th；　7th；　9th；



11th；　17th；　21th；　27th；　31st。　It　should　be　known；　that　if　the　crisis



take　place　on　any　other　day　than　on　those　described；　it　indicates　that



there　will　be　a　relapse；　which　may　prove　fatal。　But　one　ought　to　pay



attention；　and　know　in　these　seasons　what　crises　will　lead　to　recovery



and　what　to　death；　or　to　changes　for　the　better　or　the　worse。



Irregular　fevers；　quartans；　quintans；　septans；　and　nonans　should　be



studied；　in　order　to　find　out　in　what　periods　their　crises　take　place。











　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Fourteen　Cases　of　Disease







　　CASE　I。　Philiscus；　who　lived　by　the　Wall；　took　to　bed　on　the　first



day　of　acute　fever；　he　sweated；　towards　night　was　uneasy。　On　the



second　day　all　the　symptoms　were　exacerbated；　late　in　the　evening



had　a　proper　stool　from　a　small　clyster；　the　night　quiet。　On　the　third



day；　early　in　the　morning　and　until　noon；　he　appeared　to　be　free



from　fever；　towards　evening；　acute　fever；　with　sweating；　thirst；



tongue　parched；　passed　black　urine；　night　uncomfortable；　no　sleep；



he　was　delirious　on　all　subjects。　On　the　fourth；　all　the　symptoms



exacerbated；　urine　black；　night　more　comfortable；　urine　of　a　better



color。　On　the　fifth；　about　mid…day；　had　a　slight　trickling　of　pure



blood　from　the　nose；　urine　varied　in　character；　having　floating　in



it　round　bodies；　resembling　semen；　and　scattered；　but　which　did　not



fall　to　the　bottom；　a　suppository　having　been　applied；　some　scanty



flatulent　matters　were　passed；　night　uncomfortable；　little　sleep；



talking　incoherently；　extremities　altogether　cold；　and　could　not　be



warmed；　urine；　black；　slept　a　little　towards　day；　loss　of　speech；　cold



sweats；　extremities　livid；　about　the　middle　of　the　sixth　day　he



died。　The　respiration　throughout；　like　that　of　a　person　recollecting



himself；　was　rare；　and　large；　and　spleen　was　swelled　upon　in　a　round



tumor；　the　sweats　cold　throughout；　the　paroxysms　on　the　even　days。



　　CASE　II。　Silenus　lived　on　the　Broad…way；　near　the　house　of



Evalcidas。　From　fatigue；　drinking；　and　unseasonable　exercises；　he



was　seized　with　fever。　He　began　with　having　pain　in　the　loins；　he



had　heaviness　of　the　head；　and　there　was　stiffness　of　the　neck。　On　the



first　day　the　alvine　discharges　were　bilious；　unmixed；　frothy；　high



colored；　and　copious；　urine　black；　having　a　black　sediment；　he　was



thirsty；　tongue　dry；　no　sleep　at　night。　On　the　second；　acute　fever；



stools　more　copious；　thinner；　frothy；　urine　black；　an　uncomfortable



night；　slight　delirium。　On　the　third；　all　the　symptoms　exacerbated；　an



oblong　distention；　of　a　softish　nature；　from　both　sides　of　the



hypochondrium　to　the　navel；　stools　thin；　and　darkish；　urine　muddy；　and



darkish；　no　sleep　at　night；　much　talking；　laughter；　singing；　he



could　not　restrain　himself。　On　the　fourth；　in　the　same　state。　On　the



fifth；　stools　bilious；　unmixed；　smooth；　greasy；　urine　thin；　and



transparent；　slight　absence　of　delirium。　On　the　sixth；　slight



perspiration　about　the　head；　extremities　cold　and　livid；　much



tossing　about；　no　passage　from　the　bowels；　urine　suppressed；　acute



fever。　On　the　seventh；　loss　of　speech；　extremities　could　no　longer



be　kept　warm；　no　discharge　of　urine。　On　the　eighth；　a　cold　sweat　all



over；　red　rashes　with　sweat；　of　a　round　figure；　small；　like　vari；



persistent；　not　subsiding；　by　means　of　a　slight　stimulus；　a　copious



discharge　from　the　bowels；　of　a　thin　and　undigested　character；　with



pain；　urine　acrid；　and　passed　with　pain；　extremities　slightly



heated；　sleep　slight；　and　comatose；　speechless；　urine　thin；　and



transparent。　On　the　ninth；　in　the　same　state。　On　the　tenth；　no　drink



taken；　comatose；　sleep　slight；　alvine　discharges　the　same；　urine



abundant；　and　thickish；　when　allowed　to　stand；　the　sediment



farinaceous　and　white；　extremities　again　cold。　On　the　eleventh；　he



died。　At　the　commencement；　and　throughout；　the　respiration　was　slow



and　large；　there　was　a　constant　throbbing　in　the　hypochondrium；　his



age　was　about　twenty。



　　CASE　III。　Herophon　was　seized　with　an　acute　fever；　alvine　discharges



at　first　were　scanty；　and　attended　with　tenesmus；　but　afterwards



they　were　passed　of　a　thin；　bilious　character；　and　frequent；　there　was



no　sleep；　urine　black；　and　thin。　On　the　fifth；　in　the　morning；



deafness；　all　the　symptoms　exacerbated；　spleen　swollen；　distention



of　the　hypochondrium；　alvine　discharges　scanty；　and　black；　he　became



delirious。　On　the　sixth；　delirious；　at　night；　sweating；　coldness；



the　delirium　continued。　On　the　seventh；　he　became　cold；　thirsty；　was



disordered　in　mind；　at　night　recovered　his　senses；　slept。　On　the



eighth；　was　feverish；　the　spleen　diminished　in　size；　quite



collected；　had　pain　at　first　about　the　groin；　on　the　same　side　as



the　spleen；　had　pains　in　both　legs；　night　comfortable；　urine　better



colored；　had　a　scanty　sediment。　On　the　ninth；　sweated；　the　crisis　took



place；　fever　remitted。　On　the　fifth　day　afterwards；　fever　relapsed；



spleen　immediately　became　swollen；　acute　fever；　deafness　again。　On　the



third　day　after　the　relapse；　the　spleen　diminished；　deafness　less；



legs　painful；　sweated　during　the　night；　crisis　took　place　on　the



seventeenth　day；　had　no　disorder　of　the　senses　during　the　relapse。



　　CASE　IV。　In　Thasus；　the　wife　of　Philinus；　having　been　delivered　of　a



daughter；　the　discharge　being　natural；　and　other　matters　going　on



mildly；　on　the　fourteenth　day　after　delivery　was　seized　with　fever；



attended　with　rigor；　was　pained　at　first　in　the　cardiac　region　of



the　stomach　and　right　hypochondrium；　pain　in　the　genital　organs；



lochial　discharge　ceased。　Upon　the　application　of　a　pessary　all



these　symptoms　were　alleviated；　pains　of　the　head；　neck；　and　loins



remained；　no　sleep；　extremities　cold；　thirst；　bowels　in　a　hot　state；



stools　scanty；　urine　thin；　and　colorless　at　first。　On　the　sixth；



towards　night；　senses　much　disordered；　but　again　were　restored。　On　the



seventh；　thirsty；　the　evacuations　bilious；　and　high　colored。　On　the



eighth；　had　a　rigor；　acute　fever；　much　spasm；　with　pain；　talked



much；　incoherently；　upon　the　application　of　a　suppository；　rose　to



stool；　and　passed　copious　dejections；　with　a　bilious　flux；　no　sleep。



On　the　ninth；　spasms。　On　the　tenth；　slightly　recollected。　On　the



eleventh；　slept；　had　perfect　recollection；　but　again　immediately



wandered；　passed　a　large　quantity　of　urine　with　spasms；　（the



attendants　seldom　putting　her　in　mind）；　it　was　thick；　white；　like



urine　which　has　been　shaken　after　it　has　stood　for　a　considerable　time



until　it　has　subsided；　but　it　had　no　sediment；　in　color　and



consistence；　the　urine　resembled　that　of　cattle；　as　far　as　I　observed。



About　the　fourteenth　day；　startings　over　the　whole　body；　talked



much；　slightly　collected；　but　presently　became　again　delirious。



About　the　seventeenth　day　became　speechless；　on　the　twentieth　died。



　　CASE　V。　The　wife　of　Epicrates；　who　was　lodged　at　the　house　of



Archigetes；　being　near　the　term　of　delivery；　was　seized　with　a　violent



rigor；　and；　as　was　said；　she　did　not　become　heated；　next　day　the　same。



On　the　third；　she　was