actually¡¡was¡¡and¡¡taking¡¡from¡¡us¡¡elements¡¡which¡¡were¡¡not¡¡part¡¡of¡¡it¡£¡¡One¡¡
can¡¡sympathize¡¡with¡¡the¡¡eloquent¡¡Dr¡£¡¡Storrs£»¡¡who¡¡declared£»¡¡in¡¡an¡¡address¡¡
in¡¡1879£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡against¡¡any¡¡new¡¡version¡¡because¡¡of¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
King¡¡James¡¡version£»¡¡describing¡¡it¡¡as¡¡a¡¡great¡¡oak¡¡with¡¡roots¡¡running¡¡deep¡¡
and¡¡branches¡¡spreading¡¡wide¡£¡¡He¡¡declared¡¡we¡¡were¡¡not¡¡ready¡¡to¡¡give¡¡it¡¡up¡¡
for¡¡any¡¡modern¡¡tulip¡tree¡£¡¡There¡¡is¡¡something¡¡in¡¡that£»¡¡though¡¡such¡¡figures¡¡
are¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡always¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡argument¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡value¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡book¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡worthy¡¡
translation¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡beyond¡¡¡¡¡¡calculation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡outstanding¡¡¡¡¡¡literary¡¡¡¡¡¡illustration¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
that¡¡¡¡¡¡fact¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡familiar¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡Rubaiyat¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Omar¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Khayyam¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lay¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡Persian¡¡
literature¡¡and¡¡in¡¡different¡¡English¡¡translations¡¡long¡¡before¡¡Fitzgerald¡¡made¡¡
it¡¡a¡¡household¡¡classic¡¡for¡¡literary¡¡people¡£¡¡The¡¡translator¡¡made¡¡the¡¡book¡¡for¡¡
us¡¡in¡¡more¡¡marked¡¡way¡¡than¡¡the¡¡original¡¡writer¡¡did¡£¡¡In¡¡somewhat¡¡the¡¡same¡¡
way¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡gave¡¡to¡¡the¡¡English¡speaking¡¡people¡¡the¡¡Bible£»¡¡
and¡¡no¡¡other¡¡version¡¡has¡¡taken¡¡its¡¡place¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡mistaken¡¡¡¡¡¡move¡¡¡¡¡¡nearly¡¡¡¡¡¡forty¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡ago£»¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
revision¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡was¡¡proposed¡¡and¡¡undertaken¡£¡¡Thirty¡¡
years¡¡ago¡¡£¨1881£©¡¡it¡¡was¡¡completed¡¡in¡¡what¡¡we¡¡ordinarily¡¡call¡¡the¡¡Revised¡¡
Version£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡ten¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡ago¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1901£©¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡form¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡Revised¡¡
Version¡¡¡¡¡¡appeared¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Few¡¡¡¡¡¡things¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡definitely¡¡¡¡¡¡prove¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡accepted¡¡
place¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡than¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡we¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡hear¡¡less¡¡to¡¡¡
day¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Revised¡¡¡¡¡¡Version¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hear£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that£»¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
American¡¡¡¡¡¡Revised¡¡¡¡¡¡Version¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡incomparably¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡existence¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡
reproduction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡original£»¡¡even¡¡it¡¡makes¡¡way¡¡slowly¡£¡¡In¡¡less¡¡than¡¡forty¡¡
years¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡crowded¡¡all¡¡its¡¡competitors¡¡off¡¡the¡¡field¡£¡¡The¡¡
presence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Revised¡¡Version¡¡of¡¡1881¡¡has¡¡not¡¡appreciably¡¡affected¡¡the¡¡
sales¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡demand¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡James¡¡¡¡¡¡version¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡
people¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡revisions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡stand¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡admirable¡¡
commentaries¡¡on¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡£¡¡If¡¡one¡¡wishes¡¡to¡¡know¡¡wherein¡¡
the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡failed¡¡of¡¡representing¡¡the¡¡original£»¡¡he¡¡will¡¡learn¡¡it¡¡
better¡¡from¡¡those¡¡versions¡¡than¡¡from¡¡any¡¡number¡¡of¡¡commentaries£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡
number¡¡of¡¡those¡¡to¡¡whom¡¡one¡¡or¡¡other¡¡of¡¡the¡¡versions¡¡has¡¡supplanted¡¡the¡¡
King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡is¡¡not¡¡so¡¡large¡¡as¡¡might¡¡have¡¡been¡¡expected¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡134¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡135¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡Bible¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡were¡¡several¡¡reasons¡¡for¡¡a¡¡new¡¡English¡¡version¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible¡£¡¡It¡¡
was£»¡¡of¡¡course£»¡¡no¡¡indignity¡¡to¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡£¡¡Those¡¡translators¡¡
frankly¡¡said¡¡that¡¡they¡¡had¡¡no¡¡hope¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡final¡¡version¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Scriptures¡£¡¡
It¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡strange¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡language¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡
have¡¡grown¡¡by¡¡reason¡¡of¡¡the¡¡necessities¡¡of¡¡the¡¡race¡¡that¡¡used¡¡it£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡at¡¡
some¡¡¡¡¡¡points¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡book¡¡¡¡¡¡might¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡outgrown¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡another¡¡¡¡¡¡lecture¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
intimated¡¡that¡¡the¡¡English¡¡Bible£»¡¡by¡¡reason¡¡of¡¡its¡¡constant¡¡use£»¡¡has¡¡tended¡¡
to¡¡fix¡¡and¡¡confirm¡¡the¡¡English¡¡language¡£¡¡But¡¡no¡¡one¡¡book£»¡¡nor¡¡any¡¡set¡¡of¡¡
books£»¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡confine¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡living¡¡¡¡¡¡tongue¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡reasons¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡
version¡¡which¡¡give¡¡value¡¡to¡¡these¡¡two¡¡revisions¡¡may¡¡be¡¡mentioned¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Though¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡James¡¡¡¡¡¡version¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡literary¡¡
renaissance£»¡¡the¡¡classical¡¡learning¡¡of¡¡to¡day¡¡is¡¡far¡¡in¡¡advance¡¡of¡¡that¡¡day¡£¡¡
The¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡is¡¡occasionally¡¡defective¡¡in¡¡its¡¡use¡¡of¡¡tenses¡¡and¡¡
verbs¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Greek¡¡and¡¡also¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Hebrew¡£¡¡We¡¡have¡¡Greek¡¡and¡¡Hebrew¡¡
scholars¡¡who¡¡are¡¡able¡¡more¡¡exactly¡¡to¡¡reproduce¡¡in¡¡English¡¡the¡¡meaning¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡original¡£¡¡It¡¡would¡¡be¡¡strange¡¡if¡¡that¡¡were¡¡not¡¡so¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Then¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡important¡¡¡¡¡¡discoveries¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Biblical¡¡
literature¡¡which¡¡date¡¡earlier¡¡in¡¡Christian¡¡history¡¡than¡¡any¡¡our¡¡fathers¡¡knew¡¡
three¡¡hundred¡¡years¡¡ago¡£¡¡In¡¡some¡¡instances¡¡those¡¡earlier¡¡discoveries¡¡have¡¡
shown¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡phrase¡¡¡¡¡¡here¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡wrongly¡¡¡¡introduced¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
text¡£¡¡There¡¡has¡¡been¡¡no¡¡marked¡¡instance¡¡where¡¡a¡¡phrase¡¡was¡¡added¡¡by¡¡the¡¡
revisers£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡phrase¡¡¡¡¡¡dropped¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡original¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡replaced¡£¡¡
One¡¡¡¡illustration¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡omission¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡phrase¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡enough¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fifth¡¡
chapter¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡John¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡seventh¡¡¡¡¡¡verse¡¡¡¡¡¡reads£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨For¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡bear¡¡
record¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡heaven£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Word£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Holy¡¡¡¡¡¡Ghost£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡
three¡¡are¡¡one¡£¡¨¡¡In¡¡the¡¡revised¡¡versions¡¡it¡¡is¡¡omitted£»¡¡because¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡quite¡¡
certain¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡in¡¡the¡¡¡¡original¡¡¡¡¡¡writing¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡alter¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
meaning¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Scripture¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡While¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡appears¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡¡¡¡¡¡manuscripts¡¡
which¡¡were¡¡available¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡translators£»¡¡earlier¡¡¡¡¡¡manuscripts¡¡
found¡¡since¡¡that¡¡time¡¡have¡¡shown¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡formerly¡¡written¡¡at¡¡the¡¡side¡¡as¡¡
a¡¡gloss£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡by¡¡some¡¡transcriber¡¡set¡¡over¡¡in¡¡the¡¡text¡¡itself¡£¡¡The¡¡process¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡early¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡manuscripts¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡shows¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡easily¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡
occurred¡£¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡two¡¡or¡¡three¡¡manuscripts¡¡were¡¡being¡¡made¡¡at¡¡
once¡¡by¡¡different¡¡copyists¡£¡¡One¡¡was¡¡set¡¡to¡¡read¡¡the¡¡original£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡read£»¡¡the¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡135¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡136¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡Bible¡¡
others¡¡wrote¡£¡¡It¡¡would¡¡be¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡suppose¡¡that¡¡he¡¡might¡¡read¡¡this¡¡marginal¡¡
reference¡¡as¡¡a¡¡suitable¡¡commentary¡¡on¡¡the¡¡text£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡one¡¡or¡¡more¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
writers¡¡could¡¡have¡¡written¡¡it¡¡in¡¡the¡¡text¡£¡¡It¡¡could¡¡easily¡¡happen¡¡also¡¡that¡¡a¡¡
copyist£»¡¡even¡¡seeing¡¡where¡¡it¡¡stood£»¡¡might¡¡suppose¡¡it¡¡had¡¡been¡¡omitted¡¡by¡¡
the¡¡earlier¡¡copyist£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡he¡¡had¡¡completed¡¡his¡¡work¡¡by¡¡putting¡¡it¡¡on¡¡the¡¡
margin¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡next¡¡¡¡¡¡copyist¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡put¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡text¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Once¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
manuscript£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡readily¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡accepted¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡form¡£¡¡
Discoveries¡¡that¡¡bring¡¡that¡¡sort¡¡of¡¡thing¡¡to¡¡light¡¡are¡¡of¡¡value¡¡in¡¡giving¡¡us¡¡an¡¡
accurate¡¡version¡¡of¡¡the¡¡original¡¡Bible¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡£¡¡Then¡¡there¡¡are¡¡in¡¡our¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡a¡¡few¡¡archaic¡¡and¡¡obsolete¡¡
phrases¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡already¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡spoken¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
avoided¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡revised¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡versions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡neuter¡¡¡¡¡¡possessive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡pronoun£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡
example£»¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡put¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Animal¡¡¡¡¡¡names¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡clarified£»¡¡¡¡¡¡obsolete¡¡
expressions¡¡have¡¡been¡¡replaced¡¡by¡¡more¡¡familiar¡¡ones£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡on¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡£¡¡Then¡¡there¡¡were¡¡certain¡¡inaccuracies¡¡in¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡£¡¡The¡¡
fact¡¡is¡¡familiar¡¡that¡¡they¡¡transliterated¡¡certain¡¡words¡¡which¡¡they¡¡could¡¡not¡¡
well¡¡¡¡¡¡translate¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡revised¡¡¡¡¡¡versions¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡carried¡¡¡¡¡¡farther¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡£¡¡
The¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡translated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨hell¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡put¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡
Hebrew¡¡and¡¡Greek¡¡equivalents£»¡¡and¡¡appear¡¡as¡¡Sheol¡¡and¡¡Hades¡£¡¡Another¡¡
instance¡¡is¡¡that¡¡of¡¡an¡¡Old¡¡Testament¡¡word£»¡¡Asherah£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡translated¡¡
always¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨grove£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡describe¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡worship¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
early¡¡enemies¡¡of¡¡Israel¡£¡¡The¡¡translation¡¡does¡¡not¡¡quite¡¡represent¡¡the¡¡fact£»¡¡
and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡revisers¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡replaced¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrew¡¡¡¡¡¡word¡¡Asherah¡£¡¡
The¡¡transliterations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡version¡¡have¡¡not¡¡been¡¡changed¡¡into¡¡
translations¡£¡¡Instead£»¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡transliterations¡¡has¡¡been¡¡increased¡¡in¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡interest¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡accuracy¡£¡¡At¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡might¡¡¡¡¡¡incline¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡adversely¡¡
critical¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡revisers¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡transliterated¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrew¡¡
word¡¡Jehovah£»¡¡so¡¡they¡¡have¡¡taken¡¡sides¡¡in¡¡a¡¡controversy¡¡where¡¡scholars¡¡
have¡¡room¡¡to¡¡differ¡£¡¡The¡¡version¡¡would¡¡have¡¡gained¡¡in¡¡strength¡¡if¡¡it¡¡had¡¡
retained¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dignified¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡noble¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡word¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Lord£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡comes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡near¡¡
representing¡¡the¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Hebrew¡¡word¡¡for¡¡God¡¡as¡¡any¡¡word¡¡we¡¡could¡¡
find¡£¡¡It¡¡must¡¡be¡¡added¡¡that¡¡the¡¡English¡¡of¡¡neither¡¡of¡¡our¡¡new¡¡versions¡¡has¡¡
the¡¡rhythm¡¡and¡¡movement¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡version¡£¡¡That¡¡is¡¡partly¡¡because¡¡we¡¡are¡¡
so¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡accustomed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡expressions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ones¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡strike¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡ear¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡136¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡137¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡Bible¡¡
unpleasantly¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡case£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡versions¡¡¡¡¡¡differ¡¡¡¡¡¡plainly¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡
seems¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡unlikely¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡either¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡versions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
literary¡¡influence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James£»¡¡though¡¡any¡¡man¡¡who¡¡will¡¡prophesy¡¡
about£»¡¡that¡¡affects¡¡a¡¡wisdom¡¡which¡¡he¡¡has¡¡not¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡then£»¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡differences¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡lecture¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
preceding¡¡ones£»¡¡that¡¡in¡¡this¡¡lecture¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡deal¡¡with¡¡judgments¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡
facts£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡deal¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡of¡¡to¡day¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡the¡¡King¡¡
James¡¡version¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Passing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡heart¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡subject£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡question¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡appears¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡once¡¡
whether¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡has¡¡or¡¡can¡¡have¡¡to¡day¡¡the¡¡influence¡¡or¡¡the¡¡place¡¡which¡¡
it¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡have¡¡had¡¡in¡¡the¡¡past¡£¡¡Two¡¡things£»¡¡force¡¡that¡¡question£º¡¡Has¡¡not¡¡
the¡¡critical¡¡study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡itself¡¡robbed¡¡it¡¡of¡¡its¡¡place¡¡of¡¡authority£»¡¡and¡¡
have¡¡not¡¡the¡¡changes¡¡of¡¡our¡¡times¡¡destroyed¡¡its¡¡possibilities¡¡of¡¡influence£¿¡¡
That¡¡is£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡one¡¡hand£»¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡changed£¿¡¡On¡¡the¡¡¡¡other¡¡
hand£»¡¡has¡¡it¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡such¡¡new¡¡¡¡conditions¡¡that¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡cannot¡¡do¡¡its¡¡¡¡old¡¡
work£¿¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡mistaken¡¡¡¡¡¡idea¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡critical¡¡study¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Bible¡¡is¡¡a¡¡new¡¡thing¡£¡¡From¡¡long¡¡before¡¡the¡¡childhood¡¡of¡¡any¡¡of¡¡us¡¡there¡¡
has¡¡been¡¡sharp¡¡controversy¡¡about¡¡the¡¡Bible¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡controversy¡
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£
ÔÞÒ»ÏÂ
Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü