their existence to penetrate the fissures of those singular organisms known as mediums。 But these vagrant； fleeting； venturous； stifled； deformed glimmers can but give us a ludicrous idea of a life which has no longer anything in common with the lifepurely animal for the most part… which we lead on this earth。 It is possible； and there is something to be said for the theory。 It is at any rate remarkable that certain communications； certain manifestations have shaken the scepticism of the coldest and most dispassionate men of science； men utterly hostile to supernatural influences。 In order to some extent to understand their uneasiness and their astonishment； we need only readto quote but one instance among a thousanda disquieting but unassailable article； entitled； Dans les regions inexplorees de la biologic humaine。 Observations et experiences sur Eusapia Paladino； by Professor Bottazzi； Director of the Physiological Institute of the University of Naples。＇2＇ Seldom have experiments in the domain of mediums or spirits been conducted with more distrustful suspicion or with more implacable scientific strictness。 Nevertheless； scattered limbs； pale； diaphanous but capable hands； suddenly appeared in the little physiological laboratory of Naples University； with its doors heavily padlocked and sealed； as it were； mathematically excluding any possibility of fraud； these same hands worked apparatus specially intended to register their touches； lastly； the outline of something black； of a head； uprose between the curtains of the mediumistic cabinet； remained visible for several seconds and did not retire until itself apparently frightened by the exclamations of surprise drawn from a group of scientists who； after all； were prepared for anything； and Professor Bottazzi confesses that it was then that； to quote his own wordsmeasured words； as beseems a votary of science； but expressivehe felt 〃a shiver all through his body。〃
＇1＇ On the same grounds； we will also leave on one side the theosophical hypothesis； which； like the others； begins by calling for an act of adherence； of blind faith。 Its explanations； though often ingenious； are no more than forcible but gratuitous asservations and； as I said in Our Eternity； do not give us the shadow of the commencement of a proof。
＇2＇ Annales des Sciences Psychiques： April November 1907。
It was one of those moments in which a doubt which one had thought for ever abolished grips the most unbelieving。 For the first time； perhaps； he looked around him with uncertainty and wondered in what world he was。 As for the faithful adherents of the unknown； who had long understood that we must resign ourselves to understanding nothing and he prepared for every sort of surprise there was here； all the same； even for them； a mystery of another character； a bewildering mystery； the only really strange mystery； more torturing than all the others together； because it verges upon ancestral fears and touches the most sensitive point of our destiny。
4
The spiritualistic argument most worthy of attention is that supplied by the apparitions of the dead and by haunted houses。 We will take no account of the phantasms that precede； accompany or follow hard upon death： they are explained by the transmission of a violent motion from one subconsciousness to another； and； even when they are not manifested until several days after death； it may still he contended that they are delayed telepathic communications。 But what are we to say of the ghosts that spring up more than a year； nay； more than ten years after the disappearance of the corpse？ They are very rare； I know； but after all there are some that are extremely difficult to deny； for the accounts of their actions are attested and corroborated by numerous and trustworthy witnesses。 It is true that here again； where it is in most cases a question of apparitions to relations or friends； we may be told that we are in the presence of telepathic incidents or of hallucinations of the memory。 We thus deprive the spiritualists of a new and considerable province of their realm。 Nevertheless； they retain certain private desmesnes into which our telepathic explanations do not penetrate so easily。 There have in fact been ghosts that showed themselves to people who had never known or seen them in the flesh。 They are more or less closely connected with the ghosts in haunted houses； to which we must revert for a moment。
As I said above； it is almost impossible honestly to deny the existence of these houses。 Here again the telepathic interpretation enforces itself in the majority of cases。 We may even allow it a strange but justifiable extension； for its limits are scarcely known。 It has happened fairly often； for instance； that ghosts come to disturb a dwelling whose occupiers find； in response to their indications； bones hidden in the walls or under the floors。 It is even possible； as in the case of William Moir；＇1＇ which was as strictly conducted and supervised as a judicial enquiry； that the skeleton is buried at some distance from the house and dates more than forty years back。 When the remains are removed and decently interred； the apparitions cease。
＇1＇ Proceedings； vol。 vi。； pp。 35…41。
But even in the case of William Moir there is no sufficient reason for abandoning the telepathic theory。 The medium； the 〃sensitive；〃 as the English say； feels the presence or the proximity of the bones； some relation established between them and hima relation which certainly is profoundly mysteriousmakes him experience the last emotion of the deceased and sometimes allows him to conjure up the picture and the circumstances of the suicide or murder； even as； in telepathy between living persons； the contact of an inanimate object is able to bring him into direct relation with the subconsciousness of its owner。 The slender chain connecting life and death is not yet entirely broken； and we might even go so far as to say that everything is still happening within our world。
But are there cases in which every link； however thin； however subtle we may deem it； is definitely shattered？ Who would venture to maintain this？ We are only beginning to suspect the elasticity； the flexibility； the complexity of those invisible threads which bind together objects； thoughts； lives； emotions； all that is on this earth and even that which does not yet exist to that which exists no longer。 Let us take an instance in the first volume of the Proceedings： M； X。 Z。； who was known to most of the members of the Committee on Haunted Houses； and whose evidence was above suspicion； went to reside in a large old house； part of which was occupied by his friend Mr。 G。 Mr。 X。 Z。 knew nothing of the history of the place except that two servants of Mr。 G's had given him notice on account of strange noises which they had heard。 One nightit was the 22nd of SeptemberMr。 X。 Z。； on his way up to his bedroom in the dark； saw the whole passage filled with a dazzling and uncanny light； and in this strange light he saw the figure of an old man in a flowered dressing…gown。 As he looked； both figure and light vanished and he was left in pitch darkness。 The next day； remembering the tales told by the two servants； he made enquiries in the village。 At first he could find out nothing； but finally an old lawyer told him that he had heard that the grandfather of the present owner of the house had strangled his wife and then cut his own throat on the very spot where Mr。 X。 Z。 had seen the apparition。 He was unable to give the exact date of this double event； but Mr。 X。 Z。 consulted the parish register and found that it had taken place on a 22nd of September。
On the 22nd of September of the following year； a friend of Mr。 G's arrived to make a short stay。 The morning after his arrival； he came down； pale and tired； and announced his intention of leaving immediately。 On being questioned； he confessed that he was afraid； that he had been kept awake all night by the sound of groans； blasphemous oaths and cries of despair； that his bedroom door had been opened； and so forth。
Three years afterwards； Mr。 X。 Z。 had occasion to call on the landlord of the house； who lived in London； and saw over the mantelpiece a picture which bore a striking resemblance to the figure which he had seen in the passage。 He pointed it out to his friend Mr。 G； saying：
〃That is the man whom I saw。〃
The landlord； in reply to their questions； said that the painting was a portrait of his grandfather； adding that he had been 〃no credit to the family。〃
Evidently； this does not in any way prove the existence of ghosts or the survival of man。 It is quite possible that； in spite of Mr。 X。 Z。's undoubted good faith； imagination played a subtle but powerful part in these marvels。 Perhaps it was set going by the stories of the two servants； insignificant gossip to which no attention was paid at the time； but which probably found its way down into the weird and fertile depths of the subconsciousness。 The image was next transmitted by suggestion to the visitor frightened by a sleepless night。 As for the recognition of the portrait； this is either the weakest or the most impressive part of the story； according to the theory that is being defended。
It is none the less certain that there is some unfairness in suggesting this explanation for every incident of the kind。 It means stretching to the uttermost and perhaps stretching too far the elastic powers of that amiable maid…of…all…work； telepathy。 For that matter； there are cases in which the telepathic interpretation is even more uncertain； as in that described by Miss R。 C。 Morton in vol。 viii。 of the Proceedings。
The story is too long and complicated to be reproduced here。 It is unnecessary to observe that； in view of the character of Miss Morton； a lady of scientific training； and of the quality of the corroborative testimony； the facts themselves seem incontestable。
The case is that of a house built in 1860； whose first occupier was an Anglo…Indian； the next tenant being an old man and the house then remaining unlet for four years。 In 1882； when Captain Morton and big family moved in； there had never； so far as they knew； been any question of its being haunted。 Three months afterwards； Miss Morton wa