courage and patiencesuch men naturally quarreled and made up； quarreled
again and again made up； darkly suspected each the other； as they darkly
suspected the forest and the Indian； then； need of friendship dominating；
embraced each the other； felt the fascination of the forest； and trusted
the Indian。 However much they suspected rebellion； treacheries； and
desertions； they practiced fidelities； though to varying degrees； and
there was in each man's breast more or less of courage and good intent。
They were prone to call one another villain； but actual villainysave as
jealousy； suspicion； and hatred are villainyseems rarely to have been
present。 Even one who was judged a villain and shot… for his villainy seems
hardly to have deserved such fate。 Jamestown peninsula turned out to be
feverous； fantastic hopes were matched by strange fears； there were
homesickness； incompatibilities； unfamiliar food and water and sir； class
differences in small space； some petty tyrannies； and very certain dangers。
The worst summer heat was not yet； and the fort was building。 Trees must be
felled； cabins raised； a field cleared for planting； fishing and hunting
carried on。 And some lading； some first fruits； must go back in the ships。
No gold or rubies being as yet found； they would send instead cedar and
sassafrashard work enough； there at Jamestown； in the Virginian
low…country； with May warm as northern midsummer； and all the air charged
with vapor from the heated river； with exhalations from the rank forest；
from the many marshes。
〃The first night of our landing； about midnight；〃 says George Percy in his
〃Discourse〃； 〃there came some Savages sayling close to our quarter；
presently there was an alarm given； upon that the savages ran away 。 。 。 。
Not long after there came two Savages that seemed to be Commanders； bravely
dressed； with Crownes of coloured haire upon their heads； which came as
Messengers from the Werowance of Paspihe； telling us that their Werowance
was comming and would be merry with us with a fat Deere。 The eighteenth day
the Werowance of Paspihe came himselfe to our quarter； with one hundred
Savages armed which guarded him in very warlike manner with Bowes and
Arrowes。〃 Some misunderstanding arose。 〃The Werowance； ＇seeing＇ us take to
our armes； went suddenly away with all his company in great anger。〃 The
nineteenth day Percy with several others going into the woods back of the
peninsula met with a narrow path traced through the forest。 Pursuing it；
they came to an Indian village。 〃We Stayed there a while and had of them
strawberries and other thinges 。 。。 。 One of the Savages brought us on the
way to the Woodside where there was a Garden of Tobacco and other fruits
and herbes； he gathered Tobacco and distributed to every one of us； so wee
departed。〃
It is evident that neither race yet knew if it was to be war or peace。 What
the white man thought and came to think of the red man has been set down
often enough； there is scantier testimony as to what was the red man's
opinion of the white man。 Here imagination must be called upon。
Newport's instructions from the London Council included exploration before
he should leave the colonists and bring the three ships back to England。
Now； with the pinnace and a score of men； among whom was John Smith； he
went sixty miles up the river to where the flow is broken by a world of
boulders and islets； to the hills crowned today by Richmond； capital of
Virginia。 The first adventurers called these rapid and whirling waters the
Falls of the Farre West。 To their notion they must lie at least half…way
across the breadth of America。 Misled by Indian stories； they believed and
wrote that five or six days' march from the Falls of the Farre West； even
through the thick forest； would bring them to the South Sea。 The Falls of
the Farre West； where at Richmond the James goes with a roaring sound
around tree…crowned isletit is strange to think that they once marked our
frontier！ How that frontier has been pushed westward is a romance indeed。
And still； today； it is but a five or six days' journey to that South Sea
sought by those early Virginians。 The only condition for us is that we
shall board a train。 Tomorrow； with the airship； the South Sea may come
nearer yet！
The Indians of this part of the earth were of the great Algonquin family；
and the tribes with which the colonists had now to do were drawn； probably
by a polity based on blood ties； into a loose confederation within the
larger mass。 Newport was 〃 told that the name of the river was Powhatan；
the name of the chief Powhatan； and the name of the people Powhatans。 But
it seemed that the chief Powhatan was not at this village but at another
and a larger place named Werowocomoco； on a second great river in the back
country to the north and east of Jamestown。 Newport and his men were 〃well
entreated〃 by the Indians。 〃But yet；〃 says Percy； 〃the Savages murmured at
our planting in the Countrie。〃
The party did not tarry up the river。 Back came their boat through the
bright weather； between the verdurous banks； all green and flower…tinted
save where might be seen the brown of Indian clearings with bark…covered
huts and thin； up…curling blue smoke。 Before them once more rose Jamestown；
palisaded now； and riding before it the three ships。 And here there barked
an English dog； and here were Englishmen to welcome Englishmen。 Both
parties had news to tell； but the town had most。 On the 26th of May；
Indians had made an attack four hundred of them with the Werowance of
Paspihe。 One Englishman had been killed； a number wounded。 Four of the
Council had each man his wound。
Newport must now lift anchor and sail away to England。 He left at Jamestown
a fort 〃having three Bulwarkes at every corner like a halfe Moone； and
foure or five pieces of Artillerie mounted in them；〃 a street or two of
reed…thatched cabins； a church to match； a storehouse； a market…place and
drill ground； and about all a stout palisade with a gate upon the river
side。 He left corn sown and springing high； and some food in the
storehouse。 And he left a hundred Englishmen who had now tasted of the
country fare and might reasonably fear no worse chance than had yet
befallen。 Newport promised to return in twenty weeks with full supplies。
John Smith says that his enemies； chief amongst whom was Wingfield； would
have sent him with Newport to England； there to stand trial for attempted
mutiny； whereupon he demanded a trial in Virginia； and got it and was fully
cleared。 He now takes his place in the Council； beforetime denied him。 He
has good words only for Robert Hunt； the chaplain； who； he says； went from
one to the other with the best of counsel。 Were they not all here in the
wilderness together； with the savages hovering about them like the
Philistines about the Jews of old？ How should the English live； unless
among themselves they lived in amity？ So for the moment factions were
reconciled； and all went to church to partake of the Holy Communion。
Newport sailed； having in the holds of his ships sassafras and valuable
woods but no gold to meet the London Council's hopes； nor any certain news
of the South Sea。 In due time he reached England； and in due time he turned
and came again to Virginia。 But long was the sailing to and fro between
‘tote daughter country and the mother country and the lading and unlading
at either shore。 It was seven months before Newport came again。
While he sails； and while England…in…America watches for him longingly；
look for a moment at the attitude of Spain； falling old in the procession
of world…powers； but yet with grip and cunning left。 Spain misliked that
English New World venture。 She wished to keep these seas for her own； only；
with waning energies； she could not always enforce what she conceived to be
her right。 By now there was seen to be much clay indeed in the image。
Philip the Second was dead； and Philip the Third； an indolent king； lived
in the Escurial。
Pedro de Zuniga is the Spanish Ambassador to the English Court。 He has
orders from Philip to keep him informed； and this he does； and from time to
time suggests remedies。 He writes of Newport and the First Supply。 〃Sire。 。
。 。 Captain Newport makes haste to return with some peopleand there have
combined merchants and other persons who desire to establish themselves
there； because it appears to them the most suitable place that they have
discovered for privateering and making attacks upon the merchant fleets of
Your Majesty。 Your Majesty will command to see whether they will be allowed
to remain there 。 。 。 。 They are in a great state of excitement about that
place； and very much afraid lest Your Majesty should drive them out of it 。
。 。 。 And there are so many 。 。 。 who speak already of sending people to
that country； that it is advisable not to be too slow； because they will
soon be found there with large numbers of people。〃* In Spain the
Council of State takes action upon Zuniga's communications and closes a
report to the King with these words： 〃The actual taking possession will be
to drive out of Virginia all who are there now； before they are reenforced；
and 。。 。 。 it will be well to issue orders that the small fleet stationed
to the windward； which for so many years has been in state of preparation；
should be instantly made ready and forthwith proceed to drive out all who
are now in Virginia； since their small numbers will make this an easy task；
and this will suffice to prevent them from again coming to that place。〃
Upon this is made a Royal note： 〃Let such measures be taken in this
business as may now and hereafter appear proper。〃
* Brown's 〃Genesis of the United States〃； vol。 1； pp。 116…118。
It would seem that there was cause indeed for watching down the river by
that small； small town that was all of the United States！ But there follows
a Spanish memorandum。 〃The driving out 。 。 。 by the fleet stationed to the
windward will be postponed for a long time because delay will be caused by
getting it ready。〃* Delay followed delay； and old Spainconquistador Spain
grew older； and the speech on Jamestown Island is still English。
* Op。 cit。； vol。 1； p。 127。