ty to hold their sentiments without the imputation of contumacy or disobedience； the only difference would be in regard to the pay。
Upon stating this much； he stepped into his boat； requesting all who were so disposed to follow him。 The sailors； from their habits； found no scruple on this subject； and all of the artificers； though a little tardy； also embarked； excepting four of the masons； who； from the beginning； mentioned that they would decline working on Sundays。 It may here be noticed that throughout the whole of the operations it was observable that the men wrought； if possible； with more keenness upon the Sundays than at other times from an impression that they were engaged in a work of imperious necessity； which required every possible exertion。 On returning to the floating light； after finishing the tide's work； the boats were received by the part of the ship's crew left on board with the usual attention of handing ropes to the boats and helping the artificers on board； but the four masons who had absented themselves from the work did not appear upon deck。
＇Monday； 24th Aug。＇
The boats left the floating light at a quarter…past nine o'clock this morning； and the work began at three…quarters past nine； but as the neap…tides were approaching the working time at the rock became gradually shorter； and it was now with difficulty that two and a half hours' work could be got。 But so keenly had the workmen entered into the spirit of the beacon…house operations； that they continued to bore the holes in the rock till some of them were knee…deep in water。
The operations at this time were entirely directed to the erection of the beacon； in which every man felt an equal interest； as at this critical period the slightest casualty to any of the boats at the rock might have been fatal to himself individually； while it was perhaps peculiar to the writer more immediately to feel for the safety of the whole。 Each log or upright beam of the beacon was to be fixed to the rock by two strong and massive bats or stanchions of iron。 These bats； for the fixture of the principal and diagonal beams and bracing chains； required fifty…four holes； each measuring two inches in diameter and eighteen inches in depth。 There had already been so considerable a progress made in boring and excavating the holes that the writer's hopes of getting the beacon erected this year began to be more and more confirmed； although it was now advancing towards what was considered the latter end of the proper working season at the Bell Rock。 The foreman joiner； Mr。 Francis Watt； was accordingly appointed to attend at the rock to…day； when the necessary levels were taken for the step or seat of each particular beam of the beacon； that they might be cut to their respective lengths； to suit the inequalities of the rock； several of the stanchions were also tried into their places； and other necessary observations made； to prevent mistakes on the application of the apparatus； and to facilitate the operations when the beams came to be set up； which would require to be done in the course of a single tide。
＇Tuesday； 25th Aug。＇
We had now experienced an almost unvaried tract of light airs of easterly wind； with clear weather in the fore…part of the day and fog in the evenings。 To…day； however； it sensibly changed； when the wind came to the south…west； and blew a fresh breeze。 At nine a。m。 the bell rung； and the boats were hoisted out； and though the artificers were now pretty well accustomed to tripping up and down the sides of the floating light； yet it required more seamanship this morning than usual。 It therefore afforded some merriment to those who had got fairly seated in their respective boats to see the difficulties which attended their companions； and the hesitating manner in which they quitted hold of the man…ropes in leaving the ship。 The passage to the rock was tedious； and the boats did not reach it till half…past ten。
It being now the period of neap…tides； the water only partially left the rock； and some of the men who were boring on the lower ledges of the site of the beacon stood knee…deep in water。 The situation of the smith to…day was particularly disagreeable； but his services were at all times indispensable。 As the tide did not leave the site of the forge； he stood in the water； and as there was some roughness on the surface it was with considerable difficulty that； with the assistance of the sailors； he was enabled to preserve alive his fire； and； while his feet were immersed in water； his face was not only scorched but continually exposed to volumes of smoke； accompanied with sparks from the fire； which were occasionally set up owing to the strength and direction of the wind。
＇Wednesday； 26th Aug。＇
The wind had shifted this morning to N。N。W。； with rain； and was blowing what sailors call a fresh breeze。 To speak； perhaps； somewhat more intelligibly to the general reader； the wind was such that a fishing…boat could just carry full sail。 But as it was of importance； specially in the outset of the business； to keep up the spirit of enterprise for landing on all practicable occasions； the writer； after consulting with the landing…master； ordered the bell to be rung for embarking； and at half…past eleven the boats reached the rock； and left it again at a quarter…past twelve； without； however； being able to do much work； as the smith could not be set to work from the smallness of the ebb and the strong breach of sea； which lashed with great force among the bars of the forge。
Just as we were about to leave the rock the wind shifted to the S。W。； and； from a fresh gale； it became what seamen term a hard gale； or such as would have required the fisherman to take in two or three reefs in his sail。 It is a curious fact that the respective tides of ebb and flood are apparent upon the shore about an hour and a half sooner than at the distance of three or four miles in the offing。 But what seems chiefly interesting here is that the tides around this small sunken rock should follow exactly the same laws as on the extensive shores of the mainland。 When the boats left the Bell Rock to…day it was overflowed by the flood…tide； but the floating light did not swing round to the flood…tide for more than an hour afterwards。 Under this disadvantage the boats had to struggle with the ebb…tide and a hard gale of wind； so that it was with the greatest difficulty that they reached the floating light。 Had this gale happened in spring…tides when the current was strong we must have been driven to sea in a very helpless condition。
The boat which the writer steered was considerably behind the other； one of the masons having unluckily broken his oar。 Our prospect of getting on board； of course； became doubtful； and our situation was rather perilous； as the boat shipped so much sea that it occupied two of the artificers to bale and clear her of water。 When the oar gave way we were about half a mile from the ship； but； being fortunately to windward； we got into the wake of the floating light； at about 250 fathoms astern； just as the landing…master's boat reached the vessel。 He immediately streamed or floated a life…buoy astern； with a line which was always in readiness； and by means of this useful implement the boat was towed alongside of the floating light； where； from her rolling motion； it required no small management to get safely on board； as the men were much worn out with their exertions in pulling from the rock。 On the present occasion the crews of both boats were completely drenched with spray； and those who sat upon the bottom of the boats to bale them were sometimes pretty deep in the water before it could be cleared out。 After getting on board； all hands were allowed an extra dram； and； having shifted and got a warm and comfortable dinner； the affair； it is believed； was little more thought of。
＇Thursday； 27th Aug。＇
The tides were now in that state which sailors term the dead of the neap； and it was not expected that any part of the rock would be seen above water to…day； at any rate； it was obvious； from the experience of yesterday； that no work could be done upon it； and therefore the artificers were not required to land。 The wind was at west； with light breezes； and fine clear weather； and as it was an object with the writer to know the actual state of the Bell Rock at neap… tides； he got one of the boats manned； and； being accompanied by the landing…master； went to it at a quarter…past twelve。 The parts of the rock that appeared above water being very trifling； were covered by every wave； so that no landing was made。 Upon trying the depth of water with a boathook； particularly on the sites of the lighthouse and beacon； on the former； at low water； the depth was found to be three feet； and on the central parts of the latter it was ascertained to be two feet eight inches。 Having made these remarks； the boat returned to the ship at two p。m。； and the weather being good； the artificers were found amusing themselves with fishing。 The SMEATON came from Arbroath this afternoon； and made fast to her moorings； having brought letters and newspapers； with parcels of clean linen； etc。； for the workmen； who were also made happy by the arrival of three of their comrades from the workyard ashore。 From these men they not only received all the news of the workyard； but seemed themselves to enjoy great pleasure in communicating whatever they considered to be interesting with regard to the rock。 Some also got letters from their friends at a distance； the postage of which for the men afloat was always free； so that they corresponded the more readily。
The site of the building having already been carefully traced out with the pick…axe； the artificers this day commenced the excavation of the rock for the foundation or first course of the lighthouse。 Four men only were employed at this work； while twelve continued at the site of the beacon…house； at which every possible opportunity was embraced； till this essential art of the operations should be completed。
＇Wednesday； 2nd Sept。＇
The floating light's bell rung this morning at half…past four o'clock； as a signal for the boats to be got ready； and the landing took place at half…past five。 In passin