《the prince(王子)》

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because      there   can    be  no   more     faithful;   truer;  or   better   soldiers。    And 

although singly they are good; altogether they will be much better when 

they find themselves commanded by  their prince; honoured by him;  and 

maintained at his   expense。 Therefore   it   is   necessary  to   be   prepared   with 

such     arms;    so  that   you   can   be   defended      against   foreigners     by   Italian 

valour。 

     And   although   Swiss   and   Spanish   infantry   may   be   considered   very 

formidable;   nevertheless   there   is   a   defect   in   both;   by  reason   of   which   a 

third   order   would   not   only   be   able   to   oppose   them;   but   might   be   relied 

upon to overthrow them。 For the Spaniards cannot resist cavalry; and the 

Switzers   are   afraid   of   infantry   whenever   they   encounter   them   in   close 

combat。 Owing to this; as has been and may again be seen; the Spaniards 

are   unable   to   resist   French   cavalry;   and   the   Switzers   are   overthrown   by 

Spanish infantry。 And although a complete   proof of this latter cannot be 

shown; nevertheless there was some evidence of it at the battle of Ravenna; 

when   the   Spanish   infantry   were   confronted   by   German   battalions;   who 

follow   the   same   tactics   as   the   Swiss;   when   the   Spaniards;   by   agility   of 

body   and   with   the   aid   of   their   shields;   got   in   under   the   pikes   of   the 

Germans and stood out of danger; able to attack; while the Germans stood 

helpless; and; if the cavalry had not dashed up; all would have been over 

with   them。   It   is   possible;   therefore;   knowing   the   defects   of   both   these 

infantries; to invent a new one; which will resist cavalry and not be afraid 

of infantry; this need not create a new order of arms; but a variation upon 



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                                         The Prince 



the old。 And these are the kind of improvements which confer reputation 

and power upon a new prince。 

     This opportunity; therefore; ought not to be allowed to pass for letting 

Italy  at   last   see   her   liberator   appear。   Nor   can   one   express   the   love   with 

which he would be received in all those provinces which have suffered so 

much   from   these   foreign   scourings;   with   what   thirst   for   revenge;   with 

what     stubborn    faith;  with   what   devotion;    with   what    tears。  What    door 

would be closed to him? Who would refuse obedience to him? What envy 

would hinder him? What Italian would refuse him homage? To all of us 

this barbarous dominion stinks。 Let; therefore; your illustrious house take 

up this charge with that courage and hope with which all just enterprises 

are   undertaken;     so   that  under   its  standard    our  native   country   may     be 

ennobled; and under its auspices may be verified that saying of Petrarch: 

       Virtu contro al Furore Prendera l'arme; e fia il combatter corto: Che 

l'antico valore Negli italici cuor non e ancor morto。 

       Virtue against fury shall advance the fight; And it i' th' combat soon 

shall put to flight: For the old Roman valour is not dead; Nor in th' Italians' 

brests extinguished。 

     Edward Dacre; 1640。 



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