lavour about them。 Katya began writing to me how splendid it would be to build a great theatre somewhere on the Volga； on a cooperative system； and to attract to the enterprise the rich merchants and the steamer owners； there would be a great deal of money in it； there would be vast audiences； the actors would play on co…operative terms。 。 。 。 Possibly all this was really excellent； but it seemed to me that such schemes could only originate from a man's mind。
However that may have been； for a year and a half everything seemed to go well： Katya was in love； believed in her work； and was happy； but then I began to notice in her letters unmistakable signs of falling off。 It began with Katya's complaining of her companions this was the first and most ominous symptom； if a young scientific or literary man begins his career with bitter complaints of scientific and literary men； it is a sure sign that he is worn out and not fit for his work。 Katya wrote to me that her companions did not attend the rehearsals and never knew their parts； that one could see in every one of them an utter disrespect for the public in the production of absurd plays； and in their behaviour on the stage； that for the benefit of the Actors' Fund； which they only talked about； actresses of the serious drama demeaned themselves by singing chansonettes； while tragic actors sang comic songs making fun of deceived husbands and the pregnant condition of unfaithful wives； and so on。 In fact； it was amazing that all this had not yet ruined the provincial stage； and that it could still maintain itself on such a rotten and unsubstantial footing。
In answer I wrote Katya a long and； I must confess； a very boring letter。 Among other things； I wrote to her：
〃I have more than once happened to converse with old actors； very worthy men； who showed a friendly disposition towards me； from my conversations with them I could understand that their work was controlled not so much by their own intelligence and free choice as by fashion and the mood of the public。 The best of them had had to play in their day in tragedy； in operetta； in Parisian farces； and in extravaganzas； and they always seemed equally sure that they were on the right path and that they were of use。 So； as you see； the cause of the evil must be sought； not in the actors； but； more deeply； in the art itself and in the attitude of the whole of society to it。〃
This letter of mine only irritated Katya。 She answered me：
〃You and I are singing parts out of different operas。 I wrote to you； not of the worthy men who showed a friendly disposition to you； but of a band of knaves who have nothing worthy about them。 They are a horde of savages who have got on the stage simply because no one would have taken them elsewhere； and who call themselves artists simply because they are impudent。 There are numbers of dull…witted creatures； drunkards； intriguing schemers and slanderers； but there is not one person of talent among them。 I cannot tell you how bitter it is to me that the art I love has fallen into the hands of people I detest； how bitter it is that the best men look on at evil from afar； not caring to come closer； and； instead of intervening； write ponderous commonplaces and utterly useless sermons。 。 。 。〃 And so on； all in the same style。
A little time passed； and I got this letter： 〃I have been brutally deceived。 I cannot go on living。 Dispose of my money as you think best。 I loved you as my father and my only friend。 Good…bye。〃
It turned out that _he_； too； belonged to the 〃horde of savages。〃 Later on； from certain hints； I gathered that there had been an attempt at suicide。 I believe Katya tried to poison herself。 I imagine that she must have been seriously ill afterwards； as the next letter I got was from Yalta； where she had most probably been sent by the doctors。 Her last letter contained a request to send her a thousand roubles to Yalta as quickly as possible； and ended with these words：
〃Excuse the gloominess of this letter； yesterday I buried my child。〃 After spending about a year in the Crimea； she returned home。
She had been about four years on her travels； and during those four years； I must confess； I had played a rather strange and unenviable part in regard to her。 When in earlier days she had told me she was going on the stage； and then wrote to me of her love； when she was periodically overcome by extravagance； and I continually had to send her first one and then two thousand roubles； when she wrote to me of her intention of suicide； and then of the death of her baby； every time I lost my head； and all my sympathy for her sufferings found no expression except that； after prolonged reflection； I wrote long； boring letters which I might just as well not have written。 And yet I took a father's place with her and loved her like a daughter！
Now Katya is living less than half a mile off。 She has taken a flat of five rooms； and has installed herself fairly comfortably and in the taste of the day。 If any one were to undertake to describe her surroundings； the most characteristic note in the picture would be indolence。 For the indolent body there are soft lounges； soft stools； for indolent feet soft rugs； for indolent eyes faded； dingy； or flat colours； for the indolent soul the walls are hung with a number of cheap fans and trivial pictures； in which the originality of the execution is more conspicuous than the subject； and the room contains a multitude of little tables and shelves filled with utterly useless articles of no value； and shapeless rags in place of curtains。 。 。 。 All this； together with the dread of bright colours； of symmetry； and of empty space； bears witness not only to spiritual indolence； but also to a corruption of natural taste。 For days together Katya lies on the lounge reading； principally novels and stories。 She only goes out of the house once a day； in the afternoon； to see me。
I go on working while Katya sits silent not far from me on the sofa； wrapping herself in her shawl； as though she were cold。 Either because I find her sympathetic or because I was used to her frequent visits when she was a little girl； her presence does not prevent me from concentrating my attention。 From time to time I mechanically ask her some question； she gives very brief replies； or； to rest for a minute； I turn round and watch her as she looks dreamily at some medical journal or review。 And at such moments I notice that her face has lost the old look of confiding trustfulness。 Her expression now is cold； apathetic； and absent…minded； like that of passengers who had to wait too long for a train。 She is dressed； as in old days； simply and beautifully； but carelessly； her dress and her hair show visible traces of the sofas and rocking…chairs in which she spends whole days at a stretch。 And she has lost the curiosity she had in old days。 She has ceased to ask me questions now； as though she had experienced everything in life and looked for nothing new from it。
Towards four o'clock there begins to be sounds of movement in the hall and in the drawing…room。 Liza has come back from the Conservatoire； and has brought some girl…friends in with her。 We hear them playing on the piano； trying their voices and laughing； in the dining…room Yegor is laying th e table； with the clatter of crockery。
〃Good…bye；〃 said Katya。 〃I won't go in and see your people today。 They must excuse me。 I haven't time。 Come and see me。〃
While I am seeing her to the door； she looks me up and down grimly； and says with vexation：
〃You are getting thinner and thinner！ Why don't you consult a doctor？ I'll call at Sergey Fyodorovitch's and ask him to have a look at you。〃
〃There's no need； Katya。〃
〃I can't think where your people's eyes are！ They are a nice lot； I must say！〃
She puts on her fur coat abruptly； and as she does so two or three hairpins drop unnoticed on the floor from her carelessly arranged hair。 She is too lazy and in too great a hurry to do her hair up； she carelessly stuffs the falling curls under her hat； and goes away。
When I go into the dining…room my wife asks me：
〃Was Katya with you just now？ Why didn't she come in to see us？ It's really strange 。 。 。 。〃
〃Mamma；〃 Liza says to her reproachfully； 〃let her alone； if she doesn't want to。 We are not going down on our knees to her。〃
〃It's very neglectful； anyway。 To sit for three hours in the study without remembering our existence！ But of course she must do as she likes。〃
Varya and Liza both hate Katya。 This hatred is beyond my comprehension； and probably one would have to be a woman in order to understand it。 I am ready to stake my life that of the hundred and fifty young men I see every day in the lecture…theatre； and of the hundred elderly ones I meet every week； hardly one could be found capable of understanding their hatred and aversion for Katya's past that is； for her having been a mother without being a wife； and for her having had an illegitimate child； and at the same time I cannot recall one woman or girl of my acquaintance who would not consciously or unconsciously harbour such feelings。 And this is not because woman is purer or more virtuous than man： why； virtue and purity are not very different from vice if they are not free from evil feeling。 I attribute this simply to the backwardness of woman。 The mournful feeling of compassion and the pang of conscience experienced by a modern man at the sight of suffering is； to my mind； far greater proof of culture and moral elevation than hatred and aversion。 Woman is as tearful and as coarse in her feelings now as she was in the Middle Ages； and to my thinking those who advise that she should be educated like a man are quite right。
My wife also dislikes Katya for having been an actress； for ingratitude； for pride； for eccentricity； and for the numerous vices which one woman can always find in another。
Besides my wife and daughter and me； there are dining with us two or three of my daughter's friends and Alexandr Adolfovitch Gnekker； her admirer and suitor。 He is a fair…haired young man under thirty； of medium height； very stout and broad…shouldered； with red whiskers near his ears； and little waxed moustaches which make his plump smooth face look like a toy。 He is dre