out one of his bones （ivi） and made a woman of it； whom he gave to the man to be his wife； and the pair became the progenitors of mankind。 This narrative was taken down from the lips of the natives in the early years of the mission to Tahiti。 The missionary who records it observes： 〃This always appeared to me a mere recital of the Mosaic account of creation； which they had heard from some European； and I never placed any reliance on it； although they have repeatedly told me it was a tradition among them before any foreigner arrived。 Some have also stated that the woman's name was Ivi； which would be by them pronounced as if written 〃Eve〃。 〃Ivi〃 is an aboriginal word； and not only signifies a bone； but also a widow； and a victim slain in war。 Notwithstanding the assertion of the natives； I am disposed to think that 〃Ivi〃； or Eve； is the only aboriginal part of the story； as far as it respects the mother of the human race。 （W。 Ellis； 〃Polynesian Researches〃； Second Edition （London； 1832）； I。 110 sq。 〃Ivi〃 or 〃iwi〃 is the regular word for 〃bone〃 in the various Polynesian languages。 See E。 Tregear； 〃The Maori…Polynesian Comparative Dictionary〃 （Wellington； New Zealand； 1891）； page 109。） However； the same tradition has been recorded in other parts of Polynesia besides Tahiti。 Thus the natives of Fakaofo or Bowditch Island say that the first man was produced out of a stone。 After a time he bethought him of making a woman。 So he gathered earth and moulded the figure of a woman out of it； and having done so he took a rib out of his left side and thrust it into the earthen figure； which thereupon started up a live woman。 He called her Ivi （Eevee） or 〃rib〃 and took her to wife； and the whole human race sprang from this pair。 （G。 Turner； 〃Samoa〃 （London； 1884）； pages 267 sq。） The Maoris also are reported to believe that the first woman was made out of the first man's ribs。 （J。L。 Nicholas； 〃Narrative of a Voyage to New Zealand〃 （London； 1817）； I。 59； who writes 〃and to add still more to this strange coincidence； the general term for bone is 'Hevee'。〃） This wide diffusion of the story in Polynesia raises a doubt whether it is merely； as Ellis thought； a repetition of the Biblical narrative learned from Europeans。 In Nui； or Netherland Island； it was the god Aulialia who made earthen models of a man and woman； raised them up； and made them live。 He called the man Tepapa and the woman Tetata。 （G。 Turner； 〃Samoa〃； pages 300 sq。）
In the Pelew Islands they say that a brother and sister made men out of clay kneaded with the blood of various animals； and that the characters of these first men and of their descendants were determined by the characters of the animals whose blood had been kneaded with the primordial clay； for instance； men who have rat's blood in them are thieves； men who have serpent's blood in them are sneaks； and men who have cock's blood in them are brave。 （J。 Kubary； 〃Die Religion der Pelauer〃； in A。 Bastian's 〃Allerlei aus Volks… und Menschenkunde〃 （Berlin； 1888）； I。 3； 56。） According to a Melanesian legend； told in Mota； one of the Banks Islands； the hero Qat moulded men of clay； the red clay from the marshy river…side at Vanua Lava。 At first he made men and pigs just alike； but his brothers remonstrated with him； so he beat down the pigs to go on all fours and made men walk upright。 Qat fashioned the first woman out of supple twigs； and when she smiled he knew she was a living woman。 （R。H。 Codrington； 〃The Melanesians〃 （Oxford； 1891）； page 158。） A somewhat different version of the Melanesian story is told at Lakona； in Santa Maria。 There they say that Qat and another spirit （〃vui〃） called Marawa both made men。 Qat made them out of the wood of dracaena…trees。 Six days he worked at them； carving their limbs and fitting them together。 Then he allowed them six days to come to life。 Three days he hid them away； and three days more he worked to make them live。 He set them up and danced to them and beat his drum； and little by little they stirred； till at last they could stand all by themselves。 Then Qat divided them into pairs and called each pair husband and wife。 Marawa also made men out of a tree； but it was a different tree； the tavisoviso。 He likewise worked at them six days； beat his drum； and made them live； just as Qat did。 But when he saw them move； he dug a pit and buried them in it for six days； and then； when he scraped away the earth to see what they were doing； he found them all rotten and stinking。 That was the origin of death。 （R。H。 Codrington op。 cit。； pages 157 sq。）
The inhabitants of Noo…Hoo…roa； in the Kei Islands say that their ancestors were fashioned out of clay by the supreme god； Dooadlera； who breathed life into the clay figures。 （C。M。 Pleyte； 〃Ethnographische Beschrijving der Kei…Eilanden〃； 〃Tijdschrift van het Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap〃； Tweede Serie X。 （1893）； page 564。） The aborigines of Minahassa； in the north of Celebes； say that two beings called Wailan Wangko and Wangi were alone on an island； on which grew a cocoa…nut tree。 Said Wailan Wangko to Wangi； 〃Remain on earth while I climb up the tree。〃 Said Wangi to Wailan Wangko； 〃Good。〃 But then a thought occurred to Wangi and he climbed up the tree to ask Wailan Wangko why he； Wangi； should remain down there all alone。 Said Wailan Wangko to Wangi； 〃Return and take earth and make two images； a man and a woman。〃 Wangi did so； and both images were men who could move but could not speak。 So Wangi climbed up the tree to ask Wailan Wangko； 〃How now？ The two images are made； but they cannot speak。〃 Said Wailan Wangko to Wangi； 〃Take this ginger and go and blow it on the skulls and the ears of these two images； that they may be able to speak； call the man Adam and the woman Ewa。〃 （N。 Graafland 〃De Minahassa〃 （Rotterdam； 1869）； I。 pages 96 sq。） In this narrative the names of the man and woman betray European influence； but the rest of the story may be aboriginal。 The Dyaks of Sakarran in British Borneo say that the first man was made by two large birds。 At first they tried to make men out of trees； but in vain。 Then they hewed them out of rocks； but the figures could not speak。 Then they moulded a man out of damp earth and infused into his veins the red gum of the kumpang…tree。 After that they called to him and he answered； they cut him and blood flowed from his wounds。 （Horsburgh； quoted by H。 Ling Roth； 〃The Natives of Sarawak and of British North Borneo〃 （London； 1896）； I。 pages 299 sq。 Compare The Lord Bishop of Labuan； 〃On the Wild Tribes of the North…West Coast of Borneo；〃 〃Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London〃； New Series； II。 （1863）； page 27。）
The Kumis of South…Eastern India related to Captain Lewin； the Deputy Commissioner of Hill Tracts； the following tradition of the creation of man。 〃God made the world and the trees and the creeping things first； and after that he set to work to make one man and one woman； forming their bodies of clay； but each night； on the completion of his work； there came a great snake； which； while God was sleeping； devoured the two images。 This happened twice or thrice； and God was at his wit's end； for he had to work all day； and could not finish the pair in less than twelve hours； besides； if he did not sleep； he would be no good；〃 said Captain Lewin's informant。 〃If he were not obliged to sleep； there would be no death； nor would mankind be afflicted with illness。 It is when he rests that the snake carries us off to this day。 Well； he was at his wit's end； so at last he got up early one morning and first made a dog and put life into it； and that night； when he had finished the images； he set the dog to watch them； and when the snake came； the dog barked and frightened it away。 This is the reason at this day that when a man is dying the dogs begin to howl； but I suppose God sleeps heavily now…a…days； or the snake is bolder； for men die all the same。〃 （Capt。 T。H。 Lewin； 〃Wild Races of South…Eastern India〃 （London； 1870）； pages 224…26。） The Khasis of Assam tell a similar tale。 （A。 Bastian； 〃Volkerstamme am Brahmaputra und verwandtschaftliche Nachbarn〃 （Berlin； 1883）； page 8； Major P。R。T。 Gurdon； 〃The Khasis〃 （London； 1907）； page 106。）
The Ewe…speaking tribes of Togo…land； in West Africa； think that God still makes men out of clay。 When a little of the water with which he moistens the clay remains over； he pours it on the ground and out of that he makes the bad and disobedient people。 When he wishes to make a good man he makes him out of good clay； but when he wishes to make a bad man； he employs only bad clay for the purpose。 In the beginning God fashioned a man and set him on the earth； after that he fashioned a woman。 The two looked at each other and began to laugh； whereupon God sent them into the world。 （J。 Spieth； 〃Die Ewe…Stamme； Material zur Kunde des Ewe…Volkes in Deutsch…Togo〃 （Berlin； 1906）； pages 828； 840。） The Innuit or Esquimaux of Point Barrow； in Alaska； tell of a time when there was no man in the land； till a spirit named 〃a se lu〃； who resided at Point Barrow； made a clay man； set him up on the shore to dry； breathed into him and gave him life。 （〃Report of the International Expedition to Point Barrow〃 （Washington； 1885）； page 47。） Other Esquimaux of Alaska relate how the Raven made the first woman out of clay to be a companion to the first man； he fastened water…grass to the back of the head to be hair； flapped his wings over the clay figure； and it arose； a beautiful young woman。 （E。W。 Nelson； 〃The Eskimo about Bering Strait〃； 〃Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology〃； Part I。 （Washington； 1899）； page 454。） The Acagchemem Indians of California said that a powerful being called Chinigchinich created man out of clay which he found on the banks of a lake； male and female created he them； and the Indians of the present day are their descendants。 （Friar Geronimo Boscana； 〃Chinigchinich〃； appended to （A。 Robinson's） 〃Life in California〃 （New York； 1846）； page 247。） A priest of the Natchez Indians in Louisiana told Du Pratz 〃that God had kneaded some clay； such as that which potters use and had made it into a little man； and that after examining it； and finding it well formed； he blew up h