； where he only blamed Fate for his misfortunes。 All the Skipetar Agas hastened to place themselves under Kursheeds' standard； and enormous forces now threatened Janina。 All Epirus awaited the denoument with anxiety。
Had he been less avaricious； Ali might have enlisted all the adventurers with whom the East was swarming； and made the sultan tremble in his capital。 But the aged pacha clung passionately to his treasures。 He feared also； perhaps not unreasonably； that those by whose aid he might triumph would some day become his master。 He long deceived himself with the idea that the English； who had sold Parga to him； would never allow a Turkish fleet to enter the Ionian Sea。 Mistaken on this point； his foresight was equally at fault with regard to the cowardice of his sons。 The defection of his troops was not less fatal； and he only understood the bearing of the Greek insurrection which he himself had provoked； so far as to see that in this struggle he was merely an instrument in procuring the freedom of a country which he had too cruelly oppressed to be able to hold even an inferior rank in it。 His last letter to the Suliots opened the eyes of his followers； but under the influence of a sort of polite modesty these were at least anxious to stipulate for the life of their vizier。 Kursheed was obliged to produce firmans from the Porte； declaring that if Ali Tepelen submitted； the royal promise given to his sons should be kept； and that he should； with them； be transferred to Asia Minor； as also his harem； his servants； and his treasures； and allowed to finish his days in peace。 Letters from Ali's sons were shown to the Agas； testifying to the good treatment they had experienced in their exile； and whether the latter believed all this； or whether they merely sought to satisfy their own consciences； they henceforth thought only of inducing their rebellious chief to submit。 Finally； eight months' pay； given them in advance； proved decisive； and they frankly embraced the cause of the sultan。
The garrison of the castle on the lake； whom Ali seemed anxious to offend as much as possible； by refusing their pay； he thinking them so compromised that they would not venture even to accept an amnesty guaranteed by the mufti； began to desert as soon as they knew the Toxidae had arrived at the Imperial camp。 Every night these Skipetars who could cross the moat betook themselves to Kursheed's quarters。 One single man yet baffled all the efforts of the besiegers。 The chief engineer； Caretto； like another Archimedes； still carried terror into the midst of their camp。
Although reduced to the direst misery； Caretto could not forget that he owed his life to the master who now only repaid his services with the most sordid ingratitude。 When he had first come to Epirus； Ali； recognising his ability； became anxious to retain him； but without incurring any expense。 He ascertained that the Neapolitan was passionately in love with a Mohammedan girl named Nekibi； who returned his affection。 Acting under Ali's orders； Tahir Abbas accused the woman before the cadi of sacrilegious intercourse with an infidel。 She could only escape death by the apostasy of her lover； if he refused to deny his God； he shared her fate； and both would perish at the stake。 Caretto refused to renounce his religion； but only Nekibi suffered death。 Caretto was withdrawn from execution； and Ali kept him concealed in a place of safety； whence he produced him in the time of need。 No one had served him with greater zeal； it is even possible that a man of this type would have died at his post； had his cup not been filled with mortification and insult。
Eluding the vigilance of Athanasius Vaya； whose charge it was to keep guard over him； Caretto let himself down by a cord fastened to the end of a cannon： He fell at the foot of the rampart； and thence dragged himself； with a broken arm； to the opposite camp。 He had become nearly blind through the explosion of a cartridge which had burnt his face。 He was received as well as a Christian from whom there was now nothing to fear； could expect。 He received the bread of charity； and as a refugee is only valued in proportion to the use which can be made of him； he was despised and forgotten。
The desertion of Caretto was soon followed by a defection which annihilated Ali's last hopes。 The garrison which had given him so many proofs of devotion； discouraged by his avarice； suffering from a disastrous epidemic； and no longer equal to the necessary labour in defence of the place； opened all； the gates simultaneously to the enemy。 But the besiegers； fearing a trap； advanced very slowly； so that Ali； who had long prepared against very sort of surprise； had time to gain a place which he called his 〃refuge。〃
It was a sort of fortified enclosure； of solid masonry； bristling with cannon； which surrounded the private apartments of his seraglio； called the 〃Women's Tower。〃 He had taken care to demolish everything which could be set on fire； reserving only a mosque and the tomb of his wife Emineh； whose phantom； after announcing an eternal repose； had ceased to haunt him。 Beneath was an immense natural cave； in which he had stored ammunition； precious articles； provisions； and the treasures which had not been sunk in the lake。 In this cave an apartment had been made for Basilissa and his harem； also a shelter in which he retired to sleep when exhausted with fatigue。 This place was his last resort； a kind of mausoleum； and he did not seem distressed at beholding the castle in the hands of his enemies。 He calmly allowed them to occupy the entrance； deliver their hostages； overrun the ramparts； count the cannon which were on the platforms； crumbling from the hostile shells； but when they came within hearing； he demanded by one of his servants that Kursheed should send him an envoy of distinction； meanwhile he forbade anyone to pass beyond a certain place which he pointed out。
Kursheed； imagining that； being in the last extremity； he would capitulate； sent out Tahir Abbas and Hagi Bessiaris。 Ali listened without reproaching them for their treachery； but simply observed that be wished to meet some of the chief officers。
The Seraskier then deputed his keeper of the wardrobe； accompanied by his keeper of the seals and other persons of quality。 Ali received them with all ceremony； and； after the usual compliments had been exchanged； invited them to descend with him into the cavern。 There he showed them more than two thousand barrels of powder carefully arranged beneath his treasures； his remaining provisions； and a number of valuable objects which adorned this slumbering volcano。 He showed them also his bedroom； a sort of cell richly furnished； and close to the powder。 It could be reached only by means of three doors； the secret of which was known to no one but himself。 Alongside of this was the harem； and in the neighbouring mosque was quartered his garrison； consisting of fifty men； all ready to bury themselves under the ruins of this fortification； the only spot remaining to him of all Greece； which had formerly bent beneath his authority。
After this exhibition； Ali presented one of his most devoted followers to the envoys。 Selim； who watched over the fire； was a youth in appearance as gentle as his heart was intrepid； and his special duty was to be in readiness to blow up the whole place at any moment。 The pacha gave him his hand to kiss； inquiring if he were ready to die； to which he only responded by pressing his master's hand fervently to his lips。 He never took his eyes off Ali； and the lantern； near which a match was constantly smoking； was entrusted only to him and to Ali； who took turns with him in watching it。 Ali drew a pistol from his belt； making as if to turn it towards the powder magazine； and the envoys fell at his feet； uttering involuntary cries of terror。 He smiled at their fears； and assured them that； being wearied of the weight of his weapons； he had only intended to relieve himself of some of them。 He then begged them to seat themselves； and added that he should like even a more terrible funeral than that which they had just ascribed to him。 〃I do not wish to drag down with me；〃 he exclaimed； 〃those who have come to visit me as friends； it is Kursheed； whom I have long regarded as my brother； his chiefs； those who have betrayed me； his whole army in short； whom I desire to follow me to the tomba sacrifice which will be worthy of my renown； and of the brilliant end to which I aspire。〃
The envoys gazed at him with stupefaction； which did not diminish when Ali further informed them that they were not only sitting over the arch of a casemate filled with two hundred thousand pounds of powder； but that the whole castle； which they had so rashly occupied； was undermined。 〃The rest you have seen；〃 he said； 〃but of this you could not be aware。 My riches are the sole cause of the war which has been made against me； and in one moment I can destroy them。 Life is nothing to me； I might have ended it among the Greeks； but could I； a powerless old man； resolve to live on terms of equality among those whose absolute master I have been？ Thus； whichever way I look； my career is ended。 However； I am attached to those who still surround me； so hear my last resolve。 Let a pardon； sealed by the sultan's hands； be given me； and I will submit。 I will go to Constantinople； to Asia Minor； or wherever I am sent。 The things I should see here would no longer be fitting for me to behold。〃
To this Kursheed's envoys made answer that without doubt these terms would be conceded。 Ali then touched his breast and forehead； and； drawing forth his watch； presented it to the keeper of the wardrobe。 〃I mean what I say； my friend；〃 he observed； 〃 my word will be kept。 If within an hour thy soldiers are not withdrawn from this castle which has been treacherously yielded to them； I will blow it up。 Return to the Seraskier； warn him that if he allows one minute more to elapse than the time specified； his army； his garrison； I myself and my family； will all perish together： two hundred thousand pounds of powder can destroy all that surrounds us。 Take this watch； I give it thee； and forget not that I am a man of my word。〃 T