ll the oppressed from all countries on earth。The applause was universal； and accordingly I received my full reward：
Prison and Chains！ Old style。
Chapter XXX。
The Reform League； Grappling With The Right 'Stars'。
Monster Meeting continued：
Proposed and seconded by blather reformers； of course； Vern had his go：
〃That this meeting being convinced that the obnoxious licence…fee is an imposition and an unjustifiable tax on free labour； pledges itself to take immediate steps to abolish the same by at once burning all their licences； that in the event of any party being arrested for having no licence； that the united people will； under all circumstances； defend and protect them。〃
〃That this meeting will not feel bound to protect any man after the 15th of December who shall not be a member of the Reform League by that day。〃
The Rev。 Mr。 Downing proposed as an amendment； that the licences should not be burned。 Although the rev。 gentleman was heard with patience and respect； a sullen excitement pervaded the whole assemblage while he spoke。 Those even of his most devoted followers were of the opinion that his sentiments did not accord with the spirit of the times； and the result was that the rev。 gentleman's amendment fell to the ground。
Here must not be forgotten a peculiar colonial habit。 There was on the platform a sly…grog seller； who plied with the black…bottle all the folks there； and the day was very hot； the sun was almost burning。
Chapter XXXI。
Si Cessi Il Pianto； L'Ira Si Gusti。 Lo Schiavo Che Vuol Finir Le Sue Pene； Vendetta Gridando Al Dio De Giusti； Deve Schiantar Le Proprie Catene。 Cuore！ Si Vada； Vedasi； Si Vinca。 （bis。）
In Spite of all that； however； Timothy Hayes； the chairmanwho by…the…bye； discharged the duties of the chair in that vast assemblage； with ability and tact； spoke like a man； as follows：
〃Gentlemen； many a time I have seen large public meetings pass resolutions with as much earnestness and unanimity as you show this day； and yet； when the time came to test the sincerity； and prove the determination necessary for carrying out those resolutions； it was found then that 'the spirit； indeed； is willing； but the flesh is weak。' Now； then； before I put this resolution from the chair； let me point out to you the responsibility it will lay upon you （hear； hear）。 And so I feel bound to ask you； gentlemen； to speak out your mind。 Should any member of the League be dragged to the lock…up for not having the licence； will a thousand of you volunteer to liberate the man？〃
〃Yes！ Yes！〃
〃Will two thousand of you come forward？〃
〃Yes！ Yes！ Yes！〃
〃Will four thousand of you volunteer to march up to the Camp； and open the lock…up to liberate the man？〃
〃Yes！ yes！〃 （the clamour was really deafening。）
〃Are you ready to die？〃 shouted out our worthy chairman； stretching forth his right hand； clenched all the while； 〃Are you ready to die？〃
〃Yes； Yes！ Hurrah！〃
This general decided clamour put out Tim in such good spirits； that； in spite of the heat of the sun and the excitement of the day； he launched in the realm of crowned poets； and bawled as loud as if he wanted the head…butler at Toorak to take him a quart…pot of smallbeer
〃On to the field； our doom is sealed； To conquer or be slaves； The sun shall see our country free。 Or set upon our graves。〃
（Great works！）
No one who was not present at that monster meeting； or never saw any Chartist meeting in Copenhagen…fields； London； can possibly form an idea of the enthusiasm of the miners of Ballaarat on that 29th of November。 A regular volley of revolvers and other pistols now took place； and a good blazing up of gold…licences。 When the original resolutions had all been passed； Mr。 Humffray moved a vote of thanks to Mr。 Ireland； for his free advocacy of the state prisoners。 The meeting then dissolved； many of them having previously burned their licences； and thus virtually pledging themselves to the resolution adopted； which might be said to have been the business of the day。 Nothing could exceed the order and regularity with which the people； some fifteen thousand in number； retired。
Chapter XXXII。
Ecco Troncato Il Canto Per Ritornare Al Pianto。
My letter to Mr。 Archer continued：…
Thanks be to God； the day passed 'unstained；' a glorious day for Victoria when the SOUTHERN CROSS was first unfolded on Ballaarat； gathering round itself all the oppressed of the world。
The whole purpose of the meeting was； that a Reform League be formed and fully organised to carry out the clearance of all our grievances； on the old style of the Corn Law League in Great Britain。
Next Sunday； we leaguers（ I took out a ticket of membership from Reynolds； one of the treasurers； and paid my 2s。 6d。 on that very day； November 29th； precisely； on the platform of the meeting）have a meeting at two o'clock at the Adelphi to organise the people and appoint a responsible executive committee。 I am the old delegate to it； and therefore I shall be able to give you； Mr。 Archer； a full answer to your letter of the 24th instant。
Mark this； good reader！
1。 Meanwhile； privately； as an old Ballaarat hand； I beg respectfully to convey to you； to employ your influence and reach the ears of the Lieutenant Governor。 The licence…fee； as a tax； is perhaps a cause of growling like any other tax in Great Britain or elsewhere in the world； but； on the gold…fields； has become an 'abomination。' The inconvenience in the Camp…insolence at our getting it； the annoyance and bore for showing it； when asked by some 'pup' of a trap whilst at our work； the imbecility and arrogance of so many commissioners and troopers uselessly employed for the purpose； etc。； etc。； make the gold…licence an abomination to the honest digger。 The Vandemonian； you know； never dreamt of taking out a licence； of course not。
Paramount is this grand consideration： John Bull； rather of a doggish nature； will growl to himself if left alone picking his bone： the passport system is a bone that he will not pick； no； no ways and under no shape whatever I know it by experience。
2。 A memorial to his Excellency for the release of the three prisoners under sentence for burning the Eureka Hotel； is； through Humffray； in course of signature。 It is our earnest desire that his Excellency may show mercy； though it may appear； that he would do thus an act of justice to the diggers； considering how rightly they guessed the Bentley affair。
3。 The whole pack； commissioners； troopers and traps on the Ballaarat Camp； with the exception of magistrate Hackett； are detested by the diggers： there will be eternal discontent as long as Rede and fraternity are lodging over that way。 The whole Camp had better be changed at once； and entrusted to good experienced hands and honest men。 Perhaps Sir Charles may turn into a Diogenes in vain'nil desperandum。' There are now and then honest men to be found even in this colony。
Good reader； listen to me： I shall tell you no lie： do not lose sight of the above letter： I intend to give the end in the next chapter： meanwhile； fill the pipe； let's have a 'blow' together。
Chapter XXXIII。
Mistero！ S'Apre Mendacia； Violente Strada Maestra In Citta E Campagna： La Verita； Se Docile； Quadagna A Passo Lo Stradello Lentamente。
（Translated in the text of my first chapter。）
On Thursday morning； November 30th； at sunrise； I was at my work； as usual。
I assert； as an eye…witness； that most of the hands on the Eureka came to their work； and worked as usual。
Whilst having a 'blow；' we would talk over again about the monster meeting of yesterday； thus spinning a yarn in the usual colonial style。
The general impression was； that as soon as government knew in Melbourne the real state of the excited feelings of the diggers； the licence…hunt would be put a stop to。
Towards ten o'clock was my hour for a working…man's breakfast。 I used to retire to my tent from the heat of the mid…day； and on that same Thursday I set about； at once； to end my letter to Mr。 Archer； because I was anxious to forward it immediately to Melbourne。
Good reader； I copy now； word for word； the scrawl then penned； in great haste and excitement。
Thursday； November 30th； 1854。
Just on my preparing to go and post this letter； we are worried by the usual Irish cry； to run to Gravel…pits。 The traps are out for licences； and playing hell with the diggers。 If that be the case； I am not inclined to give half…a…crown for the whole fixtures at the Camp。
I must go and see 'what's up。
Always your affectionate； （Signed） CARBONI RAFFAELLO。 （To） W。 H。 ARCHER； Esq。； Acting Registrar…General； Melbourne。
…
Why this identical letter of minenow in the hands of James Macpherson Grant； M。L。C。； Solicitor； Collins…street； where it will remain till Christmas for inspection； to be then returned to the ownerwas not produced at my STATE TRIAL； was； and is still； a MYSTERY to me！
Let's run to Bakery…hill。
Chapter XXXIV。
Quos Vult Perdere Deus Dementat。
What's up？ a licence hunt； old game。 What's to be done？ Peter Lalor was on the stump； his rifle in his hand； calling on volunteers to 'fall in' into ranks as fast as they rushed to Bakery…hill； from all quarters； with arms in their hands； just fetched from their tents。 Alfred； George Black's brother； was taking down in a book the names of divisions in course of formation； and of their captains。
I went up to Lalor； and the moment he saw me； he took me by the hand saying； 〃I want you； Signore： tell these gentlemen； （pointing to old acquaintances of ours； who were foreigners） that； if they cannot provide themselves with fire…arms； let each of them procure a piece of steel； five or six inches long； attached to a pole； and that will pierce the tyrants' hearts。〃 Peter of course spoke thus in his friendly way as usual towards me。 He was in earnest though。 The few words of French he knows； he can pronounce them tolerably well； but Peter is no scholar in modern languages； therefore he then appointed me his aide…de…camp； or better to say his interpreter； and now I am proud to be his historian。
Very soon after this； all the diggers 'fell in' in file