the origins of contemporary france-4- 第102部分

＇98＇　〃Recueil　de　Police；〃　etc。；　I。；　69　and　91。　　At　Strasbourg　a　number

of　women　of　the　lower　class　are　imprisoned　as　〃aristocrats　and

fanatics；〃　with　no　other　alleged　motive。　　The　following　are　their

occupations：　dressmaker；　upholsteress；　housewife；　midwife；　baker；

wives　of　coffee…house　keepers；　tailors；　potters　and　chimney…sweeps。　　…

Ibid。；　II。；　216。　　〃Ursule　Rath；　servant　to　an　émigré　arrested　for　the

purpose　of　knowing　what　her　master　had　concealed。　　。　　。　　。　　Marie

Faber；　on　suspicion　of　having　served　in　a　priest's　house。〃　…　Archives

Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　135。　　（List　of　the　occupations　of　the　suspected

women　detained　in　the　cells　of　the　National　college。）　Most　of　them　are

imprisoned　for　being　either　mothers；　sisters；　wives　or　daughters　of

émigrés　or　exiled　priests；　and　many　are　the　wives　of　shopkeepers　or

mechanics。　　One；　a　professional　nurse；　is　an　〃aristocrat　and　fanatic。〃

（Another　list　describes　the　men）；　a　cooper　as　〃aristocrat；〃　a　tripe…

seller　as　〃very　incivique；　never　having　shown　any　attachment　to　the

Revolution；〃　a　mason　has　never　shown　〃patriotism；〃　a　shoemaker　is

aristocrat　at　all　times；　having　accepted　a　porter's　place　under　the

tyrant；〃　four　foresters　〃do　not　entertain　patriotic　sentiments；〃　etc。

…　〃Recueil　de　Pièces；　etc。；〃　II。；　220。　　Citoyenne　Genet；　aged　75；　and

her　daughter；　aged　44；　are　accused　of　having　sent；　May　22；　1792；

thirty…six　francs　in　silver　to　the　former's　son；　an　émigré　and　were

guillotined。　　…　Cf。　　Sauzay；　vols。　　III。；　IV。；　and　V。　　（appendices）；

lists　of　émigrés　and　prisoners　in　Doubs；　where　titles　and　professions；

with　motives　for　confining　them；　will　be　found。　　…　At　Paris；　even

（Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　31167。　　report　of　Latour…Lamontagne；

September　20；　1793）；　aversion　to　the　government　descends　very　low。

〃Three　women　（market…women）　all　agree　on　one　point…the　necessity　of　a

new　order　of　things。　　They　complain　of　the　authorities　without

exception。　　。　　。　　。　　If　the　King　is　not　on　their　lips；　it　is　much　to

be　feared　that　he　is　already　in　their　hearts。　　A　woman　in　the　Faubourg

St。　　Antoine；　said：　If　our　husbands　made　the　Revolution　we　know　how　to

make　a　counter…revolution　if　that　should　be　necessary。〃



＇99＇　See　above　ch。　　V。；　§　4。　　…　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　4435；　No。

10。　　（Letter　of　Collot　d'Herbois　to　Couthon；　Frimaire　11；　year　II。）



＇100＇　Archives　des　Affaires　étrangères；　vol。331。　　（Letter　of　Bertrand；

N？mes；　Frimaire　3。）　〃We　are　sorry　to　see　patriots　here　not　very

delicate　in　the　way　they　cause　arrests；　in　ascertaining　who　are

criminal；　and　the　precious　class　of　craftsmen　is　no　exception。〃



＇101＇　Berryat　Saint…Prix；　〃La　Justice　Révolutionnaire；〃　1st　ed。；

p。229。



＇102＇　〃Un　Séjour　en　France；〃　p。　　186。　　〃I　notice　that　most　of　the

arrests　now　made　are　farmers。〃　（In　consequence　of　the　requisitions　for

grain；　and　on　account　of　the　applications　of　the　law　of　the　maximum。）



＇103＇　〃Bulletin　du　Tribunal　Révolutionnaire；〃　No。431。　　（Testimony　of

Tontin；　secretary　of　the　court。）　Twelve　hundred　of　these　poor

creatures　were　set　free　after　Thermidor　9。



＇104＇　Moniteur；　session　of　June　29；　1797。　　（Report　of　Luminais。）

？？Danican；　〃Les　Brigands　Démasqués；〃　p。　　194。



＇105＇　Meillan；　〃Mémoires；　p。　　166。



＇106＇　Berryat　Saint…Prix；　〃La　Justice　Révolutionnaire；〃　p。　　419。　　…

Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　145。　　（Orders　issued　by　Representative

Maignet；　Floréal　14；　15　and　17；　year　II。）　〃The　criminal　court　will　try

and　execute　the　principal　criminals；　the　rest　of　the　inhabitants　will

abandon　their　houses　in　twenty…four　hours；　and　take　their　furniture

along　with　them。　　The　town　will　then　be　burnt。　　All　rebuilding　or

tillage　of　the　soil　is　forbidden。　　The　inhabitants　will　be　apportioned

among　neighboring　communes；　nobody　is　allowed　to　leave　the　commune

assigned　to　him　under　penalty　of　being　treated　as　an　emigré。　　All　must

appear　once　every　ten　days　at　the　municipality　under　penalty　of　being

declared　'suspect'　and　imprisoned。〃



＇107＇　〃Recueil　de　Piecès；　etc。；〃　I。；　52。　　（Carret　de　Beudot　and　La

Coste；　Pluvi？se　6；　year　II。）　〃Whereas；　it　being　impossible　to　find

jurors　within　an　extent　of　one　hundred　leagues；　two…thirds　of　the

inhabitants　having　emigrated。〃　…　Moniteur；　Aug。28　and　29；　1797。

（Report　by　Harmand　de　la　Meuse。）　…　Ibid。；　XIX。；　714。　　（Session　of

Vent？se　26；　year　II。；　speech　by　Baudot。）　〃Forty　thousand　persons　of

all　ages　and　both　sexes　in　the　districts　alone　of　Haguenau　and

Wissembourg；　fled　from　the　French　territory　on　the　lines　being

retaken。　　The　names　are　in　our　hands；　their　furniture　in　the　depot　at

Saverne　and　their　property　is　made　over　to　the　Republic。〃



＇108＇　Albert　Babeau；　〃Histoire　de　Troyes；〃　II。；　160。　　〃A　gardener　had

carefully　accumulated　eight　thousand　two　hundred　and　twenty…three

livres　in　gold；　the　fruit　of　his　savings；　threatened　with

imprisonment；　he　was　obliged　to　give　them　up。〃



＇109＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；II。；　116。　　（Orders　of　Representative

Paganel；　Toulouse；　Brumaire　12；　year　II。）　〃The　day　has　arrived　when

apathy　is　an　insult　to　patriotism；　and　indifference　a　crime。　　We　no

longer　reply　to　the　objections　of　avarice；　we　will　force　the　rich　to

fulfill　the　duties　of　fraternity　which　they　have　abjured。〃　…　Ibid。

（Extract　from　the　minutes　of　the　meetings　of　the　Central　committee　of

Montauban；　April　II；　1793；　with　the　approval　of　the　representative；

Jeanbon…Saint…André。）　〃The　moment　has　at　length　come　when　moderatism；

royalism　and　pusillanimity；　and　all　other　traitorous　or　useless　sects

to　the　country；　should　disappear　from　the　soil　of　Liberty。〃　All

opinions　opposed　to　those　of　sans…culotterie　are　blamable　and　merit

punishment。



＇110＇　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　2471。　　（Minutes　of　the　Revolutionary

Committee　of　the　Tuileries　section；　meeting　of　September　17；　1793。）

List　of　seventy…four　persons　put　under　arrest　and　among　them；　M。　de

Noailles；　with　the　following　note　opposite　his　name：　〃The　entire

family　to　be　arrested；　including　their　heir　Guy；　and　Hervet；　their　old

intendant；　rue　St。　　Honoré。〃



＇111＇　Archives　des　Affaires　étrangères；　vol。　　322。　　（Letters　of

Ladonay；　Chalons；　September　17　and　20；　1792。）　〃At　Meaux；　the　brigands

have　cut　the　throats　of　fifteen　prisoners；　seven　of　whom　are　priests

whose　relations　belong　to　the　town　or　its　environs。　　Hence　an　immense

number　of　malcontents。〃　…　Sauzay；　I。；　97。　　〃The　country　curés　are

generally　recruited　from　among　the　rural　bourgeoisie　and　the　most

respected　farmers'　families。〃



＇112＇　Sauzay；　passim；　especially　vols。　　3；　4；　5；　and　6。



＇113＇　Archives　Nationales；　F。7；　4437。　　Address　of　the　popular　club　of

Clavisson　（Gard。）；　Messidor　7；　year　II。　　…　Rodolphe　Reuss；　〃Séligman

Alexandre；　sur　les　Tribulations　d'un　Israelite　Strasbourgeois　Pendant

la　Terreur；〃　p。　　37。　　Order　issued　by　General　Diéche　to　Coppin；　in

command　of　the　〃Seminaire〃　prison。　　〃Strive　with　the　utmost　zeal　to

suppress　the　cackle　of　aristocrats。〃　Such　is　the　sum　of　the

instructions　to　jail　keepers。



＇114＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　88。　　（Edict　issued　by

Representative　Milhaud；　Narbonne；　Vent？se　9；　year　II。）　Article　II。

〃The　patriotic　donation　will　be　doubled　if；　in　three　days；　all　boats

are　not　unloaded　and　all　carts　loaded　as　fast　as　they　arrive。〃　Article

IV。　　〃The　municipality　is　charged；　on　personal　responsibility；　to

proportion　the　allotment　on　the　richest　citizens　of　Narbonne。〃　Article

VII。　　〃If　this　order　is　not　executed　within　twenty…four　hours；　the

municipality　will　designate　to　the　commandant　of　the　post　the　rich

egoists　who　may　have　refused　to　furnish　their　contingent；　etc。〃

Article　VIII。　　〃The　commandant　is　specially　charged　to　report　（the

arrests　of　the　refractory　rich）　to　the　representative　of　the　people

within　twenty…four　hours；　he　being　responsible　on　his　head　for　the

punctual　execution　of　the　present　order。〃　…　Ibid。；　AF。；　II。　　135。

（Orders　of　Saint…Just　and　Lebas；　Strasbourg；　Brumaire　10；　year　II。）

The　following　is　equally　ironical；　the　rich　of　Strasbourg　are

represented　as　〃soliciting　a　loan　on　opulent　persons　and　severe

measures〃　against　refractory　egoists。



＇115＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　92。　　Orders　of　Representative

Taillefer；　Villefranche；　Aveyron；　Brumaire　3；　year　II。；　and　of　his

delegate；　Deitheil；　Brumaire　11；　year　II。



＇116＇　This　is　the　case　in　Lyons；　Bordeaux；　Marseilles；　and　at　Paris；

as　we　see　in　the　signatures　of　the　petition　of　the　eight　thousand；　or

that　of　the　twenty　thousand；　and　for　members　of　the　Feuillants　clubs；

etc。



＇117＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　116。　　（Minutes　of　the　public

session　of　Vent？se　20；　year　II。；　held　at　Montargis；　in　the　Temple　of

Reason；　by　Benon；　〃national　agent　of　the　commune　and　special　agent　of

the　people's　representative。〃　Previous　and　subsequent　orders；　by

Representative　Lefert。）　Eighty…six　persons　signed；　subject　to　public

penance；　among　them　twenty…four　wives　or　widows；　which；　with　the　four

names　sent　to　the　Paris　tribunal　and　the　thirty…two　imprisoned；　makes

one　hundred　and　twenty…two。　　It　is　probable　that　the　one　hundred　and

six　who　are　wanting　to　complete　the　list　of　two　hundred　and　twenty…

eight　had　emigrated；　or　been　banished　in　the　interval　as　unsworn

priests。　　…　Ibid。；　D。S。；　I。；　10。　　（Orders　by　Delacroix；　Bouchet　and

Legendre；　Conches；　Frimaire　8　and　9；　year　II。）　The　incarceration　of

the　municipal　officers　of　Conches　for　an　analogous　petition　and　other

marks　of　Feuillantism。



＇118＇　The　real　sentiments　and　purposes　of　the　Jacobins　are　well　shown

at　Strasbourg。　　（〃Recueil　de　Pieces；　etc。；〃　I。；　77。　　Public　meeting　of

the　municipal　body；　and　speech　by　Bierlyn；　Prairial　25；　year　II。）　〃

How　can　the　insipid　arrogance　of　these　（Strasbourg）　people　be

represented　to　you；　their　senseless　attachment　to　the　patrician

families　in　their　midst；　the　absurd　feuil1antism　of　some　and　the　vile

sycophancy　of　others？　How　is　it；　they　say；　that　moneyless　interlopers；

scarcely　ever　heard　of　before；　dare　assume　t