the origins of contemporary france-4- 第139部分

regulating　the　Republic　they　are　accused　of　ill…will　to　the　Republic。〃



＇56＇　Thibaudeau；　II。；　171。　　…　Carnot；　II。；　106。　　…　The　programme　of

Barthélémy　is　contained　in　this　simple　phrase：　〃I　would　render　the

Republic　administrative。〃　On　the　foreign　policy；　his　ideas；　so

temperate；　pacific　and　really　French；　are　received　with　derision　by

the　other　Directors。　　（Andre　Lebon；　〃　Angleterre　et　l'Emigration

Fran？aise；〃　p。　　335。）



＇57＇　Mathieu　Dumas；　〃Souvenirs；〃　III。；　153。　　…　Camille　Jordan。

（Letter　to　his　constituents　on　the　Revolution；　Fructidor　18；　p。26。）

〃The　Constitution；　the　Constitution　alone；　is　the　rallying　word　at

Clichy。　　〃　…　Barbé…Marbois；　〃Souvenirs　d'un　Déporté；〃　I。；　page　12　and

preface。　　The　largest　number　wanted　to　disregard　the　future　and　forget

the　past。〃



＇58＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　336。　　〃Eighty　of　the　deputies　who　were　menaced

have　slept　elsewhere　since　the　30th　of　August；　keeping　together　in　one

domicile　for　fear　of　being　carried　off　at　night。〃　　Mathieu　Dumas；

III。；　10。　　〃I　could　no　longer　occupy　my　house　in　Paris；　rue　Fosses…du…

Temple；　without　risking　an　attack　from　the　sbirri　（Italian　police

officers）　of　the　Directory；　who　pro　claimed　in　the　clubs　that　the

people　must　be　avenged　in　（our）　houses。　　〃　…　Mallet…Dupan；　II。　　343。

〃This　pretended　conspiracy　imputed　to　the　councils　by　the　triumvirs；

is　a　romance　similar　to　those　of　Robespierre。〃　…　Ibid。；　346。　　〃There

has　been　no　conspiracy；　properly　so…called；　of　the　Legislative　Corps

against　the　Directory。〃　…　Only；　〃every　constitution　in　France　kills

the　Revolution　if　the　Revolutionary　leaders　has　not　destroyed　in　time。

And　this；　because　four…fifths　of　France　being　detached　from　the

Revolution；　the　elections　will　put　into　the　legislative　and

administrative　offices　men　who　were　opposed　to　the　Revolution。〃



＇59＇　Lord　Malmesbury；　〃Diaries；〃　II。；　544。　　（September　9；　1797。）　The

words　of　Mr。　　Colchen。）　〃He　went　on　to　say　that　all　the　persons

arrested　are　the　most　estimable　and　most　able　men　in　the　Republic。　　It

is　for　this　reason　and　not　from　any　principles　of　royalism　（for　such

principles　do　not　belong　to　them）　that　they　are　sentenced　to

transportation。　　They　would　have　supported　the　constitution；　but　in

doing　that　they　would　have　circumscribed　the　authority　of　the

executive　power　and　have　taken　from　the　Directory　the　means　of

acquiring　and　exercising　undue　authority。〃



＇60＇　Barbé…Marbois；　〃Journal　d'un　Déporté；〃　preface；　p。　　XVI。



＇61＇　Mathieu　Dumas；　III。；　84；　86。



＇62＇　De　Goncourt；　〃La　Société　Fran？aise　pendant　le　Directoire；〃　298；

386。　　Cf。　　the　Thé；　the　Grondeur；　the　Censeur　des　journaux；　Paris；　and

innumerable　pamphlets。…　In　the　provinces；　the　Anti…Terrorist；　at

Toulouse　the　Neuf　Thermidor；　at　Besan？on；　the　Annales　Troyennes　at

Troyes；　etc。



＇63＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　309；　316；　323；　324；　329；　333；　339；　347。　　〃To

defend　themselves　constitutionally；　whilst　the　Directory　attacks

revolutionarily；　is　to　condemn　themselves　to　inevitable　perdition。〃　…

〃　Had　it　a　hundred　times　more　ability　the　Legislative　Corps　without

boldness　is　a　lightning　flash　without　thunder。〃　…　〃　With　greater

resources　than　Louis　XVI。　　had　in　1792；　the　Legislative　Corps　acts

like　this　prince　and　will　share　his　fate；　unless　it　returns　war　for

war；　unless　it　declares　that　the　first　generals　who　dare　send　out　the

deliberations　of　their　armies　are　traitors　to　the　State。〃　…　〃　It　is

owing　to　the　temporizing　of　the　legislative　councils；　to　the　fatal

postponement　of　the　attack　on　the　Luxembourg　in　the　middle　of　August；

on　which　Pichegru；　Villot；　General　Miranda　and　all　the　clairvoyant

deputies　insisted　on；　。　　。　　。　　。　　it　is　owing　to　foolishly　insisting

on　confining　themselves　to　constitutional　defenses；　。　　。　　。　　it　is

owing　to　the　necessity　which　the　eighty　firm　and　energetic　deputies

found　of　conciliating　three　hundred　others　who　could　not　agree　on　the

end　as　well　as　the　means；　which　brought　about　the　catastrophe　of　the

Councils。〃



＇64＇　Carnot；　〃Mémoires；〃　II。；　161。　　〃The　evil　having　reached　its　last

stage；　it　was　necessary　to　have　a　10th　of　June　instead　of　a　31st　　of

May。〃　…　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　333；　334。　　The　plan　for　canceling　the

military　division　of　the　Interior　under　Augereau's　command　was　to　be

carried　out　between　the　15th　and　20th　of　August。　　If　the　triumvirate

should　resist；　Pichegru　and　Villot　were　to　march　on　the　Luxembourg。

Carnot　refused　to　accept　the　project　〃unless　he　might　name　the　three

new　Directors。〃　…　De　la　Rue；　〃Histoire　du　18　Fructidor。〃　Carnot　said

to　the　Moderates　who　asked　him　to　act　with　them：　〃Even　if　I　had　a

pardon　in　my　pocket；　amply　confirmed　by　the　royal　mouth；　I　should　have

no　confidence。〃



＇65＇　Occupied　by　the　members　of　the　Directory。



＇66＇　Mathieu　Dumas；　〃Mémoires；〃　III。；　113。



＇67＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　327。　　〃Barras　is　the　only　one　who　plays

squarely　and　who；　taking　the　risk；　wants　Jacobinism　to　triumph　par　fas

et　nefas。〃　…　Ibid。；　339。　　〃The　triumvirs　hesitated　up　to　Friday；

Barras；　the　most　furious　of　the　three；　and　master　of　Augereau；　decided

his　two　colleagues。〃　…　Ibid；　351。　　〃　Barras　and　Reubell；　by　dint　of

exciting　the　imagination　of　that　poor　little　philosophizer　La

Révellière；　succeeded　in　converting　him。〃　…　Thibaudeau；　II。；　272。　　〃It

was　Barras　who　bore　off　the　honors　of　dictatorship　that　night　。　　。　　。

。　　La　Révellière　shut　himself　up　in　his　house　as　in　an　impenetrable

sanctuary。　　Reubell；　at　this　moment；　his　head　somewhat　affected；　was

watched　in　his　apartment。〃



＇68＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　304；　305；　331。　　…　Carnot；　II。；　117。



＇69＇　Barbé…Marbois；　〃Journal　d'un　Deporté；〃　pp。34　and　35。



＇70＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　343。



＇71＇　Barbé…Marbois；　ibid。；　p。46。



＇72＇　Mallet…Dupan；　II。；　228；　342。　　〃The　use　the　triumvirs　intended　to

make　of　D'Entraigues'　portfolio　was　known　two　months　ago。〃…　cf。

Thibaudeau；　II。；　279；　on　the　vagueness；　scanty　proof　and　gross　falsity

of　the　charges　made　by　the　Directory。



＇73＇　Barbé…Marbois；　ibid。；　p。46。



＇74＇　Lord　Malmesbury。　　〃Diary；〃　III。；　559　（Sep。　　17th；　1797）。　　At

Lille；　after　the　news　of　the　coup　d'état；　〃it　was　a　curious

circumstance　to　see　the　horror　that　prevailed　everywhere　lest　the

system　of　Terror　should　be　revived。　　People　looked　as　if　some

exterminating　spirit　were　approaching。　　The　actors　in　the　theatre

partook　of　the　sensation。　　The　Director　called　Paris；　said　to　Ross；　on

his　paying　him：　'Nous　allons　actuellement　être　vandalisés。'　〃



＇75＇　Decrees　of　Fructidor　18　and　19；　year　V。；　Article　39。



＇76＇　Thibaudeau；　II。；　277。　　〃I　went　to　the　meeting　of　Fructidor　20；

the　avenues　of　the　Odéon　were　besieged　with　those　subaltern　agents　of

revolution　who　always　show　themselves　after　commotion；　like　vultures

after　battles。　　They　insulted　and　threatened　the　vanquished　and　lauded

the　victors。〃



＇77＇　Ibid。；　II。　　309。



＇78＇　Ibid。；　II。；　277。　　〃As　soon　as　I　entered　the　hall　several　deputies

came　with　tears　in　their　eyes　to　clasp　me　in　their　arms。　　The　Assembly

all　had　a　lugubrious　air；　the　same　as　the　dimly　lighted　theatre　in

which　they　met　；　terror　was　depicted　on　all　countenances；　only　a　few

members　spoke　and　took　part　in　the　debates。　　The　majority　was

impassible；　seeming　to　be　there　only　to　assist　at　a　funeral　spectacle；

its　own。〃



＇79＇　Decree　of　Fructidor　1；　articles　4　and　5；　16　and　17；　28；　29　and

30；　35；　and　decree　of　Fructidor　22。…Sauzay；　IX。；　103。　　Three　hundred

communes　of　the　department　are　thus　purged　after　Fructidor。…Ibid。；

537；　the　same　weeding…out　of　jurymen。



＇80＇　Lacretelle；　〃Dix　ans　d'Epreuves；〃　p。　　310。



＇81＇　〃Journal　d'un　Bourgeois　d'Evreux；〃　143。　　（March　20；　1799。）　〃The

next　day　the　primary　assemblies　began；　very　few　attended　them；　nobody

seemed　disposed　to　go　out　of　his　way　to　elect　men　whom　they　did　not

like。〃　…　Dufort　de　Cheverney；　〃Mémoires；〃　March；　1799。　　〃Persons　who

are　not　dupes　think　it　of　very　little　consequence　whether　they　vote　or

not。　　The　elections　are　already　made　or　indicated　by　the　Directory。

The　mass　of　the　people　show　utter　indifference。　　　（March　24。）　〃In　this

town　of　twenty　thousand　souls　（Blois）　the　primary　assemblies　are

composed　of　the　dregs　of　the　people　only　a　very　few　honest　people

attend　them；　'suspects；'　the　relations　of　émigrés　and　priests；　all

expelled；　leave　the　field　free　to　intriguers。　　Not　one　proprietor　is

summoned。　　The　terrorists　rule　in　three　out　of　the　four　sections。　　。

。　　The　Babouvists　always　employ　the　same　tactics；　they　recruit　voters

in　the　streets　who　sell　their　sovereignty　five　or　six　times　over　for　a

bottle　of　wine。〃　（April　12；　according　to　an　intelligent　man　coming

from　Paris。）　〃Generally；　in　Paris；　nobody　attends　the　primary

assemblies；　the　largest　not　returning　two　hundred　voters。〃　…　Sauzay；

IX。；　ch。　　83。　　（Notes　on　the　election　at　Besan？on　1798；　by　an　eye…

witness。）　〃Jacobins　were　elected　by　most　frightful　brigandage；

supported　by　the　garrison　to　which　wine　had　been　distributed；　their

election　being　made　at　the　point　of　the　bayonet　and　under　blows　with

sticks　and　swords。　　A　good　many　Catholics　were　wounded。〃



＇82＇　Albert　Babeau；　II。；　444。　　（Declaration　of　the　patriotic　and

secessionist　minority　of　the　canton　of　Riquy　at　the　elections　of　the

year　VI。）



＇83＇　Mercure　Britannique；　No。　　for　August　25；　1799。　　（Report　read；

July　15　and　August　5；　before　the　Five　Hundred　on　the　conduct　of　the

Directors　Reubell；　La　Révellière…Lepaux；　Merlin　de　Douai　and

Treilhard；　and　summary　of　the　nine　articles　of　indictment。）　…　Ibid。；

3rd　article。　　〃They　have　violated　our　constitution　by　usurping

legislative　powers　through　acts　which　prescribe　that　a　certain　law

shall　be　executed；　in　all　that　is　not　modified　to　the　present　act；　and

by　passing　acts　which　modify　or　render　the　present　laws　illusory。〃



＇84＇　Fiévée；　〃Correspondance　avec　Buonaparte；〃　I。；　147。



＇85＇　Barbé…Marbois；　I。；　64；　91；　96；　133；　II。；　18；　25；　83。　　…　Dufort　de

Cheverney；　〃Mémoires。'　（Septemb