personal memoirs-1- 第40部分

suspected　their　purpose；　knowing　that　they　were　not　occasioned　by　a

fight；　since　they　were　too　regular　in　their　delivery。



I　was　much　disappointed　that　my　pursuit　had　not　been　supported；　for　I

felt　that　great　results　were　in　store　for　us　should　the　enemy　be

vigorously　followed。　　Had　the　troops　under　Granger's　command　been

pushed　out　with　mine　when　Missionary　Ridge　was　gained；　we　could　have

reached　Chickamauga　Station　by　12　o'clock　the　night　of　the　25th；　or

had　they　been　sent　even　later；　when　I　called　for　them；　we　could　have

got　there　by　daylight　and　worked　incalculable　danger　to　the

Confederates；　for　the　force　that　had　confronted　Sherman　did　not　pass

Chickamauga　Station　in　their　retreat　till　after　daylight　on　the

morning　of　the　26th。



My　course　in　following　so　close　was　dictated　by　a　thorough　knowledge

of　the　topography　of　the　country　and　a　familiarity　with　its　roads；

bypaths；　and　farm…houses；　gained　with　the　assistance　of　Mr。

Crutchfield；　and　sure　my　column　was　heading　in　the　right　direction；

though　night　had　fallen　I　thought　that　an　active　pursuit　would　almost

certainly　complete　the　destruction　of　Bragg's　army。　　When　General

Grant　came　by　my　bivouac　at　the　crossing　of　Chickamauga　Creek　on　the

26th；　he　realized　what　might　have　been　accomplished　had　the

successful　assault　on　Missionary　Ridge　been　supplemented　by　vigorous

efforts　on　the　part　of　some　high　officers；　who　were　more　interested

in　gleaning　that　portion　of　the　battle…field　over　which　my　command

had　passed　than　in　destroying　a　panic…stricken　enemy。



Although　it　cannot　be　said　that　the　result　of　the　two　days'

operations　was　reached　by　the　methods　which　General　Grant　had

indicated　in　his　instructions　preceding　the　battle；　yet　the　general

outcome　was　unquestionably　due　to　his　genius；　for　the　manoeuvring　of

Sherman's　and　Hooker's　commands　created　the　opportunity　for　Thomas's

corps　of　the　Army　of　the　Cumberland　to　carry　the　ridge　at　the　centre。

In　directing　Sherman　to　attack　the　north　end　of　the　ridge；　Grant

disconcerted　Braggwho　was　thus　made　to　fear　the　loss　of　his　depot

of　supplies　at　Chickamauga　Stationand　compelled　him　to　resist

stoutly；　and　stout　resistance　to　Sherman　meant　the　withdrawal　of　the

Confederates　from　Lookout　Mountain。　　While　this　attack　was　in　process

of　execution　advantage　was　taken　of　it　by　Hooker　in　a　well…planned

and　well…fought　battle；　but　to　my　mind　an　unnecessary　one；　for　our

possession　of　Lookout　was　the　inevitable　result　that　must　follow　from

Sherman's　threatening　attitude。　　The　assault　on　Missionary　Ridge　by

Granger's　and　Palmer's　corps　was　not　premeditated　by　Grant；　he

directing　only　the　line　at　its　base　to　be　carried；　but　when　this　fell

into　our　hands　the　situation　demanded　our　getting　the　one　at　the　top

also。



I　took　into　the　action　an　effective　force　of　6；000；　and　lost　123

officers　and　1；181　men　killed　and　wounded。　　These　casualties　speak

louder　than　words　of　the　character　of　the　fight；　and　plainly　tell

where　the　enemy　struggled　most　stubbornly　for　these　figures　comprise

one…third　the　casualties　of　the　entire　body　of　Union　troops

Sherman's　and　all　included。　　My　division　captured　1；762　prisoners

and；　in　all；　seventeen　pieces　of　artillery。　　Six　of　these　guns　I

turned　over　with　caissons　complete；　eleven　were　hauled　off　the　field

and　appropriated　by　an　officer　of　high　rankGeneral　Hazen。　　I　have

no　disposition　to　renew　the　controversy　which　grew　out　of　this

matter。　　At　the　time　the　occurrence　took　place　I　made　the　charge　in　a

plain　official　report；　which　was　accepted　as　correct　by　the　corps　and

army　commanders；　from　General　Granger　up　to　General　Grant。　　General

Hazen　took　no　notice　of　this　report　then；　though　well　aware　of　its

existence。　　Nearly　a　quarter　of　a　century　later；　however；　he

endeavored　to　justify　his　retention　of　the　guns　by　trying　to　show

that　his　brigade　was　the　first　to　reach　the　crest　of　Missionary

Ridge；　and　that　he　was　therefore　entitled　to　them。　　This　claim　of

being　the　first　to　mount　the　ridge　is　made　by　other　brigades　than

Hazen's；　with　equal　if　not　greater　force；　so　the　absurdity　of　his

deduction　is　apparent：



NOTE：　In　a　book　published　by　General　Hazen　in　1885；　he　endeavored　to

show；　by　a　number　of　letters　from　subordinate　officers　of　his

command；　written　at　his　solicitation　from　fifteen　to　twenty　years

after　the　occurrence；　that　his　brigade　was　the　first　to　mount

Missionary　Ridge；　and　that　it　was　entitled　to　possess　these　guns。

The　doubtful　character　of　testimony　dimmed　by　the　lapse　of　many　years

has　long　been　conceded；　and　I　am　content　to　let　the　controversy　stand

the　test　of　history；　based　on　the　conclusions　of　General　Grant；　as　he

drew　them　from　official　reports　made　when　the　circumstances　were

fresh　in　the　minds　of　all。



General　Grant　says：　〃To　Sheridan's　prompt　movement；　the　Army　of　the

Cumberland　and　the　nation　are　indebted　for　the　bulk　of　the　capture　of

prisoners；　artillery；　and　small…arms　that　day。　　Except　for　his　prompt

pursuit；　so　much　in　this　way　would　not　have　been　accomplished。〃



General　Thomas　says：　〃We　captured　all　their　cannon　and　ammunition

before　they　could　be　removed　or　destroyed。　　After　halting　a　few

moments　to　reorganize　the　troops；　who　had　become　somewhat　scattered

in　the　assault　of　the　hill；　General　Sheridan　pushed　forward　in

pursuit；　and　drove　those　in　his　front　who　had　escaped　capture　across

Chickamauga　Creek。〃



REPORT　OF　COLONEL　FRANCIS　T。　SHERMAN；　COMMANDING　FIRST　BRIGADE：

〃When　within　ten　yards　of　the　crest；　our　men　seemed　to　be　thrown

forward　as　if　by　some　powerful　engine；　and　the　old　flag　was　planted

firmly　and　surely　on　the　last　line　of　works　of　the　enemy；　followed　by

the　men；　taking　one　battery　of　artillery。〃



REPORT　OF　COLONEL　MICHAEL　GOODING；　TWENTY…SECOND　INDIANA：

。。。。〃I　pushed　men　up　to　the　second　line　of　works　as　fast　as　possible；

on　and　on；　clear　to　the　top；　and　over　the　ridge　they　went；　to　the

hollow　beyond；　killing　and　wounding　numbers　of　the　enemy　as　we

advanced；　and　leaving　the　rebel　battery　in　our　rear。　　We　captured

great　numbers　of　prisoners；　and　sent　them　to　the　rear　without　guards；

as　we　deemed　the　pursuit　of　the　enemy　of　greater　importance。。。。

〃I　cannot　give　too　much　praise　to　Captain　Powers；　Company　〃H；〃

Lieutenant　Smith；　Company　〃K；〃　Lieutenant　Gooding；　Company　〃A；〃　and

Second　Lieutenant　Moser；　Company　〃G；〃　for　their　assistance；　and　for

the　gallant　manner　in　which　they　encouraged　their　men　up　the　side　of

the　mountain；　and　charging　the　enemy's　works　right　up　to　the　muzzles

of　their　guns。〃



REPORT　OF　COLONEL　JASON　MARSH；　SEVENTY…FOURTH　ILLINOIS：

。。。。〃The　first　on　the　enemy's　works；　and　almost　simultaneously；　were

Lieutenant　Clement；　Company　〃A；〃　Captain　Stegner；　Company　〃I；〃

Captain　Bacon；　〃Company　〃G；〃　and　Captain　Leffingwell；　with　some　of

their　men。　　The　enemy　was　still　in　considerable　force　behind　their

works；　but；　for　some　unaccountable　reason；　they　either　fled　or

surrendered　instantly　upon　the　first　few　of　our　men　reaching　them

not　even　trying　to　defend　their　battery；　which　was　immediately

captured　by　Captain　Stegner。〃



REPORT　OF　LIEUTENANT…COLONEL　PORTER　C。　OLSON；　THIRTY…SIXTH　ILLINOIS：

。。。。〃In　connection　with　other　regiments　of　this　brigade；　we　assisted

in　capturing　several　pieces　of　artillery；　a　number　of　caissons；　and　a

great　quantity　of　small…arms。〃



REPORT　OF　COLONEL　JOHN　Q。　LANE：

。。。。〃At　the　house　known　as　Bragg's　headquarters；　the　enemy　were

driven　from　three　guns；　which　fell　into　our　hands。〃



REPORT　OF　BRIGADIER…GENERAL　G。　D。　WAGNER；　SECOND　BRIGADE：

。。。。〃I　ordered　the　command　to　storm　the　ridge；　bringing　up　the

Fifteenth　Indiana　and　Ninety…seventh　Ohio；　which　had　not　yet　been

engaged；　although　suffering　from　the　enemy's　artillery。　　The　result

is　a　matter　of　history；　as　we　gained　the　ridge；　capturing　artillery；

prisoners；　and　small…arms；　to　what　amount；　however；　I　do　not　know；　as

we　pushed　on　after　the　enemy　as　soon　as　I　had　re…formed　the　command　。

。。。。Captain　Tinney；　with　his　usual　gallantry；　dashed　up　the　line　with

the　first　troops；　and　with　the　aid　of　an　orderly　（George　Dusenbury；

Fifteenth　Indiana）；　turned　the　loaded　gun　of　the　enemy　on　his

retreating　ranks。〃



REPORT　OF　CAPTAIN　BENJAMIN　F。　HEGLER；　FIFTEENTH　INDIANA：

。。。。〃Our　captures　amounted　to　prisoners　not　counted；　representing

many　different　regiments；　several　pieces　of　artillery；　and　some

wagons。〃



REPORT　OF　LIEUTENANT…COLONEL　ELIAS　NEFF；　FORTIETH　INDIANA：

。。。。〃As　the　regiment　reached　the　top　of　the　ridge　and　swept　for。

ward；　the　right　passed　through；　without　stopping　to　take　possession；

the　battery　at　General　Bragg's　headquarters　that　had　fired　so

venomously　during　the　whole　contest。〃



REPORT　OF　LIEUTENANT…COLONEL　J。　MOORE；　FIFTY…EIGHTH　INDIANA：

。。。。〃In　passing　to　the　front　from　Missionary　Ridge；　we　saw　several

pieces　of　artillery　which　had　been　abandoned　by　the　enemy；　though　I

did　not　leave　any　one　in　charge　of　them。〃



REPORT　OF　MAJOR　C；　M。　HAMMOND；　ONE　HUNDREDTH　ILLINOIS：

。。。。〃I　immediately　organized　my　regiment；　and　while　so　doing

discovered　a　number　of　pieces　of　artillery　in　a　ravine　on　my　left。　　I

sent　Lieutenant　Stewart；　of　Company　A；　to　see　if　these　guns　which　the

enemy　had　abandoned　could　not　be　turned　upon　them。　　He　returned　and

reported　them　to　be　four　ten…pound　Parrotts　and　two　brass　Napoleons；

also　that　it　would　require　a　number　of　men　to　place　them　in　position。

I　ordered　him　to　report　the　same　to　General　Wagner；　and　ask

permission；　but　before　receiving　a　reply　was　ordered　by　you　to　move

forward　my　regiment　on　the　left　of　the　Fifty…Eighth　Indiana

Volunteers。〃



REPORT　OF　COLONEL　CHARLES　G。　HARKER；　THIRD　BRIGADE：

。。。。〃My　right　and　Colonel　Sherman's　left　interlocked；　so　to　speak；　as

we　approached　the　summit；　and　it　was　near　this　point　that　I　saw　the

first　part　of　my　line　gain　the　crest。　　This　was　done　by　a　few　brave

men　of　my　own　and　Colonel　Sherman's　command　driving　the　enemy　from

his　intren