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abruptly¡¡in¡¡a¡¡flight¡¡of¡¡broad¡¡steps¡£



Upon¡¡closer¡¡observation¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡as¡¡we¡¡passed¡¡them¡¡that¡¡the

buildings¡¡were¡¡deserted£»¡¡and¡¡while¡¡not¡¡greatly¡¡decayed¡¡had

the¡¡appearance¡¡of¡¡not¡¡having¡¡been¡¡tenanted¡¡for¡¡years£»¡¡possibly

for¡¡ages¡£¡¡¡¡Toward¡¡the¡¡center¡¡of¡¡the¡¡city¡¡was¡¡a¡¡large¡¡plaza£»¡¡and

upon¡¡this¡¡and¡¡in¡¡the¡¡buildings¡¡immediately¡¡surrounding¡¡it

were¡¡camped¡¡some¡¡nine¡¡or¡¡ten¡¡hundred¡¡creatures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡same

breed¡¡as¡¡my¡¡captors£»¡¡for¡¡such¡¡I¡¡now¡¡considered¡¡them¡¡despite

the¡¡suave¡¡manner¡¡in¡¡which¡¡I¡¡had¡¡been¡¡trapped¡£



With¡¡the¡¡exception¡¡of¡¡their¡¡ornaments¡¡all¡¡were¡¡naked¡£¡¡¡¡The

women¡¡varied¡¡in¡¡appearance¡¡but¡¡little¡¡from¡¡the¡¡men£»¡¡except

that¡¡their¡¡tusks¡¡were¡¡much¡¡larger¡¡in¡¡proportion¡¡to¡¡their¡¡height£»

in¡¡some¡¡instances¡¡curving¡¡nearly¡¡to¡¡their¡¡high¡­set¡¡ears¡£¡¡¡¡Their

bodies¡¡were¡¡smaller¡¡and¡¡lighter¡¡in¡¡color£»¡¡and¡¡their¡¡fingers

and¡¡toes¡¡bore¡¡the¡¡rudiments¡¡of¡¡nails£»¡¡which¡¡were¡¡entirely

lacking¡¡among¡¡the¡¡males¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡adult¡¡females¡¡ranged¡¡in¡¡height

from¡¡ten¡¡to¡¡twelve¡¡feet¡£



The¡¡children¡¡were¡¡light¡¡in¡¡color£»¡¡even¡¡lighter¡¡than¡¡the

women£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡looked¡¡precisely¡¡alike¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡except¡¡that¡¡some

were¡¡taller¡¡than¡¡others£»¡¡older£»¡¡I¡¡presumed¡£



I¡¡saw¡¡no¡¡signs¡¡of¡¡extreme¡¡age¡¡among¡¡them£»¡¡nor¡¡is¡¡there¡¡any

appreciable¡¡difference¡¡in¡¡their¡¡appearance¡¡from¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of

maturity£»¡¡about¡¡forty£»¡¡until£»¡¡at¡¡about¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of¡¡one¡¡thousand

years£»¡¡they¡¡go¡¡voluntarily¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡last¡¡strange¡¡pilgrimage

down¡¡the¡¡river¡¡Iss£»¡¡which¡¡leads¡¡no¡¡living¡¡Martian¡¡knows

whither¡¡and¡¡from¡¡whose¡¡bosom¡¡no¡¡Martian¡¡has¡¡ever¡¡returned£»

or¡¡would¡¡be¡¡allowed¡¡to¡¡live¡¡did¡¡he¡¡return¡¡after¡¡once¡¡embarking

upon¡¡its¡¡cold£»¡¡dark¡¡waters¡£



Only¡¡about¡¡one¡¡Martian¡¡in¡¡a¡¡thousand¡¡dies¡¡of¡¡sickness¡¡or

disease£»¡¡and¡¡possibly¡¡about¡¡twenty¡¡take¡¡the¡¡voluntary¡¡pilgrimage¡£

The¡¡other¡¡nine¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡seventy¡­nine¡¡die¡¡violent¡¡deaths

in¡¡duels£»¡¡in¡¡hunting£»¡¡in¡¡aviation¡¡and¡¡in¡¡war£»¡¡but¡¡perhaps¡¡by¡¡far

the¡¡greatest¡¡death¡¡loss¡¡comes¡¡during¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of¡¡childhood£»

when¡¡vast¡¡numbers¡¡of¡¡the¡¡little¡¡Martians¡¡fall¡¡victims

to¡¡the¡¡great¡¡white¡¡apes¡¡of¡¡Mars¡£



The¡¡average¡¡life¡¡expectancy¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Martian¡¡after¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of

maturity¡¡is¡¡about¡¡three¡¡hundred¡¡years£»¡¡but¡¡would¡¡be¡¡nearer

the¡¡one¡­thousand¡¡mark¡¡were¡¡it¡¡not¡¡for¡¡the¡¡various¡¡means

leading¡¡to¡¡violent¡¡death¡£¡¡¡¡Owing¡¡to¡¡the¡¡waning¡¡resources

of¡¡the¡¡planet¡¡it¡¡evidently¡¡became¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡counteract

the¡¡increasing¡¡longevity¡¡which¡¡their¡¡remarkable¡¡skill¡¡in

therapeutics¡¡and¡¡surgery¡¡produced£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡human¡¡life¡¡has¡¡come

to¡¡be¡¡considered¡¡but¡¡lightly¡¡on¡¡Mars£»¡¡as¡¡is¡¡evidenced¡¡by¡¡their

dangerous¡¡sports¡¡and¡¡the¡¡almost¡¡continual¡¡warfare¡¡between

the¡¡various¡¡communities¡£



There¡¡are¡¡other¡¡and¡¡natural¡¡causes¡¡tending¡¡toward¡¡a

diminution¡¡of¡¡population£»¡¡but¡¡nothing¡¡contributes¡¡so¡¡greatly

to¡¡this¡¡end¡¡as¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡no¡¡male¡¡or¡¡female¡¡Martian¡¡is¡¡ever

voluntarily¡¡without¡¡a¡¡weapon¡¡of¡¡destruction¡£



As¡¡we¡¡neared¡¡the¡¡plaza¡¡and¡¡my¡¡presence¡¡was¡¡discovered¡¡we

were¡¡immediately¡¡surrounded¡¡by¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡the¡¡creatures

who¡¡seemed¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡pluck¡¡me¡¡from¡¡my¡¡seat¡¡behind¡¡my

guard¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡word¡¡from¡¡the¡¡leader¡¡of¡¡the¡¡party¡¡stilled¡¡their

clamor£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡proceeded¡¡at¡¡a¡¡trot¡¡across¡¡the¡¡plaza¡¡to¡¡the

entrance¡¡of¡¡as¡¡magnificent¡¡an¡¡edifice¡¡as¡¡mortal¡¡eye¡¡has¡¡rested

upon¡£



The¡¡building¡¡was¡¡low£»¡¡but¡¡covered¡¡an¡¡enormous¡¡area¡£¡¡¡¡It

was¡¡constructed¡¡of¡¡gleaming¡¡white¡¡marble¡¡inlaid¡¡with¡¡gold

and¡¡brilliant¡¡stones¡¡which¡¡sparkled¡¡and¡¡scintillated¡¡in¡¡the

sunlight¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡main¡¡entrance¡¡was¡¡some¡¡hundred¡¡feet¡¡in¡¡width

and¡¡projected¡¡from¡¡the¡¡building¡¡proper¡¡to¡¡form¡¡a¡¡huge¡¡canopy

above¡¡the¡¡entrance¡¡hall¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡was¡¡no¡¡stairway£»¡¡but¡¡a¡¡gentle

incline¡¡to¡¡the¡¡first¡¡floor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡building¡¡opened¡¡into¡¡an

enormous¡¡chamber¡¡encircled¡¡by¡¡galleries¡£



On¡¡the¡¡floor¡¡of¡¡this¡¡chamber£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡dotted¡¡with¡¡highly

carved¡¡wooden¡¡desks¡¡and¡¡chairs£»¡¡were¡¡assembled¡¡about¡¡forty

or¡¡fifty¡¡male¡¡Martians¡¡around¡¡the¡¡steps¡¡of¡¡a¡¡rostrum¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the

platform¡¡proper¡¡squatted¡¡an¡¡enormous¡¡warrior¡¡heavily¡¡loaded

with¡¡metal¡¡ornaments£»¡¡gay¡­colored¡¡feathers¡¡and¡¡beautifully

wrought¡¡leather¡¡trappings¡¡ingeniously¡¡set¡¡with¡¡precious¡¡stones¡£

From¡¡his¡¡shoulders¡¡depended¡¡a¡¡short¡¡cape¡¡of¡¡white¡¡fur¡¡lined

with¡¡brilliant¡¡scarlet¡¡silk¡£



What¡¡struck¡¡me¡¡as¡¡most¡¡remarkable¡¡about¡¡this¡¡assemblage

and¡¡the¡¡hall¡¡in¡¡which¡¡they¡¡were¡¡congregated¡¡was¡¡the¡¡fact

that¡¡the¡¡creatures¡¡were¡¡entirely¡¡out¡¡of¡¡proportion¡¡to¡¡the¡¡desks£»

chairs£»¡¡and¡¡other¡¡furnishings£»¡¡these¡¡being¡¡of¡¡a¡¡size¡¡adapted¡¡to

human¡¡beings¡¡such¡¡as¡¡I£»¡¡whereas¡¡the¡¡great¡¡bulks¡¡of¡¡the

Martians¡¡could¡¡scarcely¡¡have¡¡squeezed¡¡into¡¡the¡¡chairs£»¡¡nor¡¡was

there¡¡room¡¡beneath¡¡the¡¡desks¡¡for¡¡their¡¡long¡¡legs¡£¡¡¡¡Evidently£»

then£»¡¡there¡¡were¡¡other¡¡denizens¡¡on¡¡Mars¡¡than¡¡the¡¡wild¡¡and

grotesque¡¡creatures¡¡into¡¡whose¡¡hands¡¡I¡¡had¡¡fallen£»¡¡but¡¡the

evidences¡¡of¡¡extreme¡¡antiquity¡¡which¡¡showed¡¡all¡¡around¡¡me

indicated¡¡that¡¡these¡¡buildings¡¡might¡¡have¡¡belonged¡¡to¡¡some

long¡­extinct¡¡and¡¡forgotten¡¡race¡¡in¡¡the¡¡dim¡¡antiquity¡¡of¡¡Mars¡£



Our¡¡party¡¡had¡¡halted¡¡at¡¡the¡¡entrance¡¡to¡¡the¡¡building£»¡¡and¡¡at

a¡¡sign¡¡from¡¡the¡¡leader¡¡I¡¡had¡¡been¡¡lowered¡¡to¡¡the¡¡ground¡£

Again¡¡locking¡¡his¡¡arm¡¡in¡¡mine£»¡¡we¡¡had¡¡proceeded¡¡into¡¡the

audience¡¡chamber¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡were¡¡few¡¡formalities¡¡observed¡¡in

approaching¡¡the¡¡Martian¡¡chieftain¡£¡¡¡¡My¡¡captor¡¡merely¡¡strode

up¡¡to¡¡the¡¡rostrum£»¡¡the¡¡others¡¡making¡¡way¡¡for¡¡him¡¡as¡¡he

advanced¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡chieftain¡¡rose¡¡to¡¡his¡¡feet¡¡and¡¡uttered¡¡the¡¡name

of¡¡my¡¡escort¡¡who£»¡¡in¡¡turn£»¡¡halted¡¡and¡¡repeated¡¡the¡¡name¡¡of

the¡¡ruler¡¡followed¡¡by¡¡his¡¡title¡£



At¡¡the¡¡time£»¡¡this¡¡ceremony¡¡and¡¡the¡¡words¡¡they¡¡uttered

meant¡¡nothing¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡but¡¡later¡¡I¡¡came¡¡to¡¡know¡¡that¡¡this¡¡was

the¡¡customary¡¡greeting¡¡between¡¡green¡¡Martians¡£¡¡¡¡Had¡¡the¡¡men

been¡¡strangers£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡exchange¡¡names£»¡¡they

would¡¡have¡¡silently¡¡exchanged¡¡ornaments£»¡¡had¡¡their¡¡missions

been¡¡peacefulotherwise¡¡they¡¡would¡¡have¡¡exchanged¡¡shots£»

or¡¡have¡¡fought¡¡out¡¡their¡¡introduction¡¡with¡¡some¡¡other¡¡of¡¡their

various¡¡weapons¡£



My¡¡captor£»¡¡whose¡¡name¡¡was¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas£»¡¡was¡¡virtually¡¡the

vice¡­chieftain¡¡of¡¡the¡¡community£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡great¡¡ability¡¡as

a¡¡statesman¡¡and¡¡warrior¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡evidently¡¡explained¡¡briefly¡¡the

incidents¡¡connected¡¡with¡¡his¡¡expedition£»¡¡including¡¡my¡¡capture£»

and¡¡when¡¡he¡¡had¡¡concluded¡¡the¡¡chieftain¡¡addressed¡¡me¡¡at

some¡¡length¡£



I¡¡replied¡¡in¡¡our¡¡good¡¡old¡¡English¡¡tongue¡¡merely¡¡to

convince¡¡him¡¡that¡¡neither¡¡of¡¡us¡¡could¡¡understand¡¡the¡¡other£»

but¡¡I¡¡noticed¡¡that¡¡when¡¡I¡¡smiled¡¡slightly¡¡on¡¡concluding£»¡¡he¡¡did

likewise¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡fact£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡similar¡¡occurrence¡¡during¡¡my¡¡first

talk¡¡with¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas£»¡¡convinced¡¡me¡¡that¡¡we¡¡had¡¡at¡¡least

something¡¡in¡¡common£»¡¡the¡¡ability¡¡to¡¡smile£»¡¡therefore¡¡to¡¡laugh£»

denoting¡¡a¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡humor¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡was¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡that¡¡the

Martian¡¡smile¡¡is¡¡merely¡¡perfunctory£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Martian

laugh¡¡is¡¡a¡¡thing¡¡to¡¡cause¡¡strong¡¡men¡¡to¡¡blanch¡¡in¡¡horror¡£



The¡¡ideas¡¡of¡¡humor¡¡among¡¡the¡¡green¡¡men¡¡of¡¡Mars¡¡are

widely¡¡at¡¡variance¡¡with¡¡our¡¡conceptions¡¡of¡¡incitants¡¡to

merriment¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡death¡¡agonies¡¡of¡¡a¡¡fellow¡¡being¡¡are£»¡¡to¡¡these

strange¡¡creatures¡¡provocative¡¡of¡¡the¡¡wildest¡¡hilarity£»¡¡while

their¡¡chief¡¡form¡¡of¡¡commonest¡¡amusement¡¡is¡¡to¡¡inflict¡¡death

on¡¡their¡¡prisoners¡¡of¡¡war¡¡in¡¡various¡¡ingenious¡¡and¡¡horrible

ways¡£



The¡¡assembled¡¡warriors¡¡and¡¡chieftains¡¡examined¡¡me¡¡closely£»

feeling¡¡my¡¡muscles¡¡and¡¡the¡¡texture¡¡of¡¡my¡¡skin¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡principal

chieftain¡¡then¡¡evidently¡¡signified¡¡a¡¡desire¡¡to¡¡see¡¡me¡¡perform£»

and£»¡¡motioning¡¡me¡¡to¡¡follow£»¡¡he¡¡started¡¡with¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas¡¡for

the¡¡open¡¡plaza¡£



Now£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡made¡¡no¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡walk£»¡¡since¡¡my¡¡first¡¡signal

failure£»¡¡except¡¡while¡¡tightly¡¡grasping¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas'¡¡arm£»¡¡and

so¡¡now¡¡I¡¡went¡¡skipping¡¡and¡¡flitting¡¡about¡¡among¡¡the¡¡desks

and¡¡chairs¡¡like¡¡some¡¡monstrous¡¡grasshopper¡£¡¡¡¡After¡¡bruising

myself¡¡severely£»¡¡much¡¡to¡¡the¡¡amusement¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Martians£»¡¡I

again¡¡had¡¡recourse¡¡to¡¡creeping£»¡¡but¡¡this¡¡did¡¡not¡¡suit¡¡them¡¡and

I¡¡was¡¡roughly¡¡jerked¡¡to¡¡my¡¡feet¡¡by¡¡a¡¡towering¡¡fellow¡¡who¡¡had

laughed¡¡most¡¡heartily¡¡at¡¡my¡¡misfortunes¡£



As¡¡he¡¡banged¡¡me¡¡down¡¡upon¡¡my¡¡feet¡¡his¡¡face¡¡was¡¡bent

close¡¡to¡¡mine¡¡and¡¡I¡¡did¡¡the¡¡only¡¡thing¡¡a¡¡gentleman¡¡might¡¡do

under¡¡the¡¡circumstances¡¡of¡¡brutality£»¡¡boorishness£»¡¡and¡¡lack¡¡of

consideration¡¡for¡¡a¡¡stranger's¡¡rights£»¡¡I¡¡swung¡¡my¡¡fist¡¡squarely

to¡¡his¡¡jaw¡¡and¡¡he¡¡went¡¡down¡¡like¡¡a¡¡felled¡¡ox¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡he¡¡sunk¡¡to

the¡¡floor¡¡I¡¡wheeled¡¡around¡¡with¡¡my¡¡back¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡nearest

desk£»¡¡expecting¡¡to¡¡be¡¡overwhelmed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡vengeance¡¡of¡¡his

fellows£»¡¡but¡¡determined¡¡to¡¡give¡¡them¡¡as¡¡good¡¡a¡¡battle¡¡as¡¡the

unequal¡¡odds¡¡would¡¡permit¡¡before¡¡I¡¡gave¡¡up¡¡my¡¡life¡£



My¡¡fears¡¡were¡¡groundless£»¡¡however£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡other¡¡Martians£»

at¡¡first¡¡struck¡¡dumb¡¡with¡¡wonderment£»¡¡finally¡¡broke¡¡into¡¡wild

peals¡¡of¡¡laughter¡¡and¡¡applause¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡did¡¡not¡¡recognize¡¡the

applause¡¡as¡¡such£»¡¡but¡¡later£»¡¡when¡¡I¡¡had¡¡become¡¡acquainted

with¡¡their¡¡customs£»¡¡I¡¡learned¡¡that¡¡I¡¡had¡¡won¡¡what¡¡they¡¡seldom

accord£»¡¡a¡¡manifestation¡¡of¡¡approbation¡£



The¡¡fellow¡¡whom¡¡I¡¡had¡¡struck¡¡lay¡¡where¡¡he¡¡had¡¡fallen£»¡¡nor

did¡¡any¡¡of¡¡his¡¡mates¡¡approach¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas¡¡advanced

toward¡¡me£»¡¡holding¡¡out¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡arms£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡thus¡¡proceeded

to¡¡the¡¡plaza¡¡without¡¡further¡¡mishap¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡did¡¡not£»¡¡of¡¡course£»

know¡¡the¡¡reason¡¡for¡¡which¡¡we¡¡had¡¡come¡¡to¡¡the¡¡open£»¡¡but¡¡I

was¡¡not¡¡long¡¡in¡¡being¡¡enlightened¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡first¡¡repeated

the¡¡word¡¡¡¨sak¡¨¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡times£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡Tars¡¡Tarkas¡¡made

several¡¡jumps£»¡¡repeating¡¡the¡¡same¡¡word¡¡before¡¡each¡¡leap£»¡¡then£»

turning¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡he¡¡said£»¡¡¡¨sak£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡what¡¡they¡¡were¡¡after£»¡¡and

gathering¡¡myself¡¡together¡¡I¡¡¡¨sakked¡¨¡¡with¡¡such¡¡marvelous

success¡¡that¡¡I¡¡cleared¡¡a¡¡good¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡fifty¡¡feet£»¡¡nor¡¡did¡¡I

this¡¡time£»¡¡lose¡¡my¡¡equilibrium£»¡¡but¡¡landed¡¡squarely¡¡upon¡¡my

feet¡¡without¡¡falling¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡then¡¡returned¡¡by¡¡easy¡¡jumps¡¡of¡¡twenty¡­

five¡¡or¡¡thirty¡¡feet¡¡to¡¡the¡¡little¡¡group¡¡of¡¡warriors¡£



My¡¡exhibition¡¡had¡¡been¡¡witnessed¡¡by¡¡several¡¡hundred¡¡lesser

Martians£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡immediately¡¡broke¡¡into¡¡demands¡¡for¡¡a

repetition£»¡¡which¡¡the¡¡chieftain¡¡then¡¡ordered¡¡me¡¡to¡¡make£»¡¡but

I¡¡was¡¡both¡¡hungry¡¡and¡¡thirsty£»¡¡and¡¡determined¡¡on¡¡the¡¡spot

that¡¡my¡¡only¡¡method¡¡of¡¡salvation¡¡was¡¡to¡¡demand¡¡the

consideration¡¡from¡¡these¡¡creatures¡¡which¡¡they¡¡evidently¡¡would

not¡¡voluntarily¡¡accord¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡therefore¡¡ignored¡¡the¡¡repeated

commands¡¡to¡¡¡¨sak£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡each¡¡time¡¡they¡¡were¡¡made¡¡I¡¡motioned
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