standing man； and hear the word of salvation； I shall not deliver it to the fowls of the air； I trow； nor yet to the beasts of the field； nor shall I be found either stony or thorny… hearted； as thou saidest； but I shall receive the word kindly； and guard it wisely。 So if thou knowest any such like thing； conceal it not from me； but declare it。 When I heard that thou were come from a far country； my spirit rejoiced； and I had good hope of obtaining through thee that which I desire。 Wherefore I called thee straightway into my presence； and received thee in friendly wise as one of my companions and peers； if so be that I may not be disappointed of my hope。〃 Barlaam answered； 〃Fair are thy deeds； and worthy of thy royal majesty； seeing that thou hast paid no heed to my mean show； but hast devoted thyself to the hope that lieth within。
〃There was once a great and famous king： and it came to pass； when he was riding on a day in his golden chariot； with his royal guard； that there met him two men； clad in filthy rags； with fallen…in faces； and pale as death。 Now the king knew that it was by buffetings of the body and by the sweats of the monastic life that they had thus wasted their miserable flesh。 So； seeing them； he leapt anon from his chariot； fell on the ground； and did obeisance。 Then rising； he embraced and greeted them tenderly。 But his noblemen and counsellors took offence thereat； deeming that their sovran had disgraced his kingly honour。 But not daring to reprove him to the face； they bade the king's own brother tell the king not thus to insult the majesty of his crown。 When he had told the king thereof； and had upbraided him for his untimely humility； the king gave his brother an answer which he failed to understand。
〃It was the custom of that king； whenever he sentenced anyone to death； to send a herald to his door； with a trumpet reserved for that purpose； and at the sound of this trumpet all understood that that man was liable to the penalty of death。 So when evening was come； the king sent the death…trumpet to sound at his brother's door； who； when he heard its blast； despaired of his life； and all night long set his house in order。 At day…break； robed in black and garments of mourning； with wife and children； he went to the palace gate； weeping and lamenting。 The king fetched him in； and seeing him in tears； said； ‘O fool； and slow of understanding； how didst thou； who hast had such dread of the herald of thy peer and brother （against whom thy conscience doth not accuse thee of having committed any trespass） blame me for my humility in greeting the heralds of my God； when they warned me； in gentler tones than those of the trumpet； of my death and fearful meeting with that Master against whom I know that I have often grievously offended？ Lo！ then； it was in reproof of thy folly that I played thee this turn； even as I will shortly convict of vanity those that prompted thy reproof。' Thus he comforted his brother and sent him home with a gift。
〃Then he ordered four wooden caskets to be made。 Two of these he covered over all with gold； and； placing dead men's mouldering bones therein； secured them with golden clasps。 The other two he smeared over with pitch and tar； but filled them with costly stones and precious pearls； and all manner of aromatic sweet perfume。 He bound them fast with cords of hair； and called for the noblemen who had blamed him for his manner of accosting the men by the wayside。 Before them he set the four caskets； that they might appraise the value of these and those。 They decided that the golden ones were of greatest value； for； peradventure； they contained kingly diadems and girdles。 But those； that were be…smeared with pitch and tar； were cheap and of paltry worth； said they。 Then said the king to them； ‘I know that such is your answer； for with the eyes of sense ye judge the objects of sense； but so ought ye not to do； but ye should rather see with the inner eye the hidden worthlessness or value。' Whereupon he ordered the golden chests to be opened。 And when they were thrown open； they gave out a loathsome smell and presented a hideous sight。
〃Said the king； ‘Here is a figure of those who are clothed in glory and honour； and make great display of power and glory； but within is the stink of dead men's bones and works of iniquity。' Next； he commanded the pitched and tarred caskets also to be opened； and delighted the company with the beauty and sweet savour of their stores。 And he said unto them； ‘Know ye to whom these are like？ They are like those lowly men； clad in vile apparel； whose outward form alone ye beheld； and deemed it outrageous that I bowed down to do them obeisance。 But through the eyes of my mind I perceived the value and exceeding beauty of their souls； and was glorified by their touch； and I counted them more honourable than any chaplet or royal purple。' Thus he shamed his courtiers； and taught them not to be deceived by outward appearances； but to give heed to the things of the soul。 After the example of that devout and wise king hast thou also done； in that thou hast received me in good hope； wherein； as I ween； thou shalt not be disappointed。〃 Ioasaph said unto him； 〃Fair and fitting hath been all thy speech； but now I fain would learn who is thy Master； who； as thou saidest at the first； spake concerning the Sower。〃
VII。
Again therefore Barlaam took up his parable and said； 〃If thou wilt learn who is my Master； it is Jesus Christ the Lord； the only…begotten Son of God； ‘the blessed and only potentate； the King of kings； and Lords of lords； who only hath immortality； dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto'； who with the Father and the Holy Ghost is glorified。 I am not one of those who proclaim from the house…top their wild rout of gods； and worship lifeless and dumb idols； but one God do I acknowledge and confess； in three persons glorified； the Father； the Son； and the Holy Ghost； but in one nature and substance； in one glory and kingdom undivided。 He then is in three persons one God； without beginning； and without end； eternal and everlasting； increate； immutable and incorporeal； invisible； infinite； incomprehensible； alone good and righteous； who created all things out of nothing； whether visible or invisible。 First； he made the heavenly and invisible powers； countless multitudes； immaterial and bodiless； ministering spirits of the majesty of God。 Afterward he created this visible world； heaven and earth and sea； which also he made glorious with light and richly adorned it； the heavens with the sun； moon and stars； and the earth with all manner of herbs and divers living beasts； and the sea in turn with all kinds of fishes。 ‘He spake the word and these all were made； he commanded and they were created。' Then with his own hands he created man； taking dust of the ground for the fashioning of his body； but by his own in…breathing giving him a reasonable and intelligent soul； which； as it is written； was made after the image and likeness of God： after his image； because of reason and free will； after his likeness； because of the likeness of virtue； in its degree； to God。 Him he endowed with free will and immortality and appointed sovran over everything upon earth； and from man he made woman； to be an helpmeet of like nature for him。
〃And he planted a garden eastward in Eden； full of delight and all heart's ease； and set thereto the man whom he had formed； and commanded him freely to eat of all the heavenly trees therein； but forbade him wholly the taste of a certain one which was called the tree of the knowledge of good and evil； thus saying； 'In the day that ye eat thereof ye shall surely die。' But one of the aforesaid angel powers； the marshall of one host； though he bore in himself no trace of natural evil from his Maker's hand but had been created for good； yet by his own free and deliberate choice turned aside from good to evil； and was stirred up by madness to the desire to take up arms against his Lord God。 Wherefore he was cast out of his rank and dignity； and in the stead of his former blissful glory and angelick name received the name of the ‘Devil' and ‘Satan' for his title。 God banished him as unworthy of the glory above。 And together with him there was drawn away and hurled forth a great multitude of the company of angels under him； who were evil of choice； and chose in place of good； to follow in the rebellion of their leader。 These were called Devils； as being deluders and deceivers。
〃Thus then did the devil utterly renounce the good； and assume an evil nature； and he conceived spite against man； seeing himself hurled from such glory； and man raised to such honour； and he schemed to oust him from that blissful state。 So he took the serpent for the workshop of his own guile。 Through him he conversed with the woman； and persuaded her to eat of that forbidden tree in the hope of being as God； and through her he deceived Adam also； for that was the first man's name。 So Adam ate of the tree of disobedience； and was banished by his maker from that paradise of delight； and； in lieu of those happy days and that immortal life； fell alas！ into this life of misery and woe； and at the last received sentence of death。 Thenceforth the devil waxed strong and boastful through his victory； and； as the race of man multiplied； he prompted them in all manner of wickedness。 So； wishing to cut short the growth of sin； God brought a deluge on the earth； and destroyed every living soul。 But one single righteous man did God find in that generation； and him； with wife and children； he saved alive in an Ark； and set him utterly desolate on earth。 But； when the human race again began to multiply； they forgat God； and ran into worse excess of wickedness； being in subjection to divers sins and ruined in strange delusions； and wandering apart into many branches of error。
〃Some deemed that everything moved by mere chance； and taught that there was no Providence； since there was no master to govern。 Others brought in fate； and committed everything to the stars at birth。 Others worshipped many evil deities subject to many passions； to the end that they might have them to advocate their own passions and shameful deeds； whose