home¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡market¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡consume¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡tithe¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡product¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡
manufacture¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡product¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡sacrificed¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡agriculture¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡She¡¡
must¡¡¡¡¡¡buy¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡food¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡sell¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡goods¡¡
abroad¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡the¡¡struggle¡¡for¡¡commercial¡¡supremacy¡¡had¡¡not¡¡yet¡¡really¡¡begun¡£¡¡
England¡¡was¡¡without¡¡a¡¡rival¡£¡¡Her¡¡navies¡¡controlled¡¡the¡¡sea¡£¡¡Her¡¡armies¡¡and¡¡
her¡¡insular¡¡position¡¡gave¡¡her¡¡peace¡¡at¡¡home¡£¡¡The¡¡world¡¡was¡¡hers¡¡to¡¡exploit¡£¡¡
For¡¡nearly¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡she¡¡dominated¡¡the¡¡European£»¡¡American£»¡¡and¡¡Indian¡¡
trade£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡wars¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡convulsing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡society¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡destroying¡¡
possible¡¡competitive¡¡capital¡¡and¡¡straining¡¡consumption¡¡to¡¡its¡¡utmost¡£¡¡The¡¡
pioneer¡¡of¡¡the¡¡industrial¡¡nations£»¡¡she¡¡thus¡¡received¡¡such¡¡a¡¡start¡¡in¡¡the¡¡new¡¡
race¡¡for¡¡wealth¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡only¡¡today¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡nations¡¡have¡¡succeeded¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
overtaking¡¡her¡£¡¡In¡¡1820¡¡the¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡her¡¡trade¡¡£¨imports¡¡and¡¡exports£©¡¡was¡¡
68£»000£»000¡¡pounds¡£¡¡In¡¡1899¡¡it¡¡had¡¡increased¡¡to¡¡815£»000£»000¡¡pounds£»¡¡¡¡an¡¡
increase¡¡of¡¡1200¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡in¡¡the¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡trade¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡¡¡¡¡nearly¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡producing¡¡¡¡¡¡surplus¡¡
value¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡She¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡producing¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡consumes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡
excess¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡swelled¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡volume¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡capital¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡capital¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡
invested¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡enterprises¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡shipping¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡
1898¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Stock¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Exchange¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡estimated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡British¡¡¡¡¡¡capital¡¡¡¡¡¡invested¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡
1£»900£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡pounds¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡hand¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡hand¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡foreign¡¡¡¡¡¡investments¡¡
have¡¡grown¡¡her¡¡adverse¡¡balances¡¡of¡¡trade¡£¡¡For¡¡the¡¡ten¡¡years¡¡ending¡¡with¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡52¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡53¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡War¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Classes¡¡
1868£»¡¡her¡¡average¡¡yearly¡¡adverse¡¡balance¡¡was¡¡52£»000£»000¡¡pounds£»¡¡ending¡¡
with¡¡¡¡¡¡1878£»¡¡¡¡¡¡81£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡pounds£»¡¡¡¡¡¡ending¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡1888£»¡¡¡¡¡¡101£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡pounds£»¡¡
and¡¡ending¡¡with¡¡1898£»¡¡133£»000£»000¡¡pounds¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡single¡¡year¡¡of¡¡1897¡¡it¡¡
reached¡¡the¡¡portentous¡¡sum¡¡of¡¡157£»000£»000¡¡pounds¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡England's¡¡adverse¡¡balances¡¡of¡¡trade¡¡in¡¡themselves¡¡are¡¡nothing¡¡at¡¡
which¡¡to¡¡be¡¡frightened¡£¡¡Hitherto¡¡they¡¡have¡¡been¡¡paid¡¡from¡¡out¡¡the¡¡earnings¡¡
of¡¡her¡¡shipping¡¡and¡¡the¡¡interest¡¡on¡¡her¡¡foreign¡¡investments¡£¡¡But¡¡what¡¡does¡¡
cause¡¡anxiety£»¡¡however£»¡¡is¡¡that£»¡¡relative¡¡to¡¡the¡¡trade¡¡development¡¡of¡¡other¡¡
countries£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡export¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡trade¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡falling¡¡¡¡¡¡off£»¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡corresponding¡¡
diminution¡¡of¡¡her¡¡imports£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡her¡¡securities¡¡and¡¡foreign¡¡holdings¡¡do¡¡
not¡¡seem¡¡able¡¡to¡¡stand¡¡the¡¡added¡¡strain¡£¡¡These¡¡she¡¡is¡¡being¡¡forced¡¡to¡¡sell¡¡in¡¡
order¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡pull¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡London¡¡¡¡¡¡Times¡¡¡¡¡¡gloomily¡¡¡¡¡¡remarks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨We¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡
entering¡¡the¡¡twentieth¡¡century¡¡on¡¡the¡¡down¡¡grade£»¡¡after¡¡a¡¡prolonged¡¡period¡¡
of¡¡business¡¡activity£»¡¡high¡¡wages£»¡¡high¡¡profits£»¡¡and¡¡overflowing¡¡revenue¡£¡¨¡¡
In¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡words£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mighty¡¡¡¡¡¡grasp¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡held¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡resources¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
capital¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡world¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡relaxed¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡control¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡commerce¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
banking¡¡is¡¡slipping¡¡through¡¡her¡¡fingers¡£¡¡The¡¡sale¡¡of¡¡her¡¡foreign¡¡holdings¡¡
advertises¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fact¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡nations¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡capable¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡buying¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡
further£»¡¡that¡¡these¡¡other¡¡nations¡¡are¡¡busily¡¡producing¡¡surplus¡¡value¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡movement¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡general¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Today£»¡¡¡¡¡¡passing¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
country£»¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡increasing¡¡¡¡¡¡tide¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡capital¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡welling¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Production¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡
doubling¡¡and¡¡quadrupling¡¡upon¡¡itself¡£¡¡It¡¡used¡¡to¡¡be¡¡that¡¡the¡¡impoverished¡¡
or¡¡undeveloped¡¡nations¡¡turned¡¡to¡¡England¡¡when¡¡it¡¡came¡¡to¡¡borrowing£»¡¡but¡¡
now¡¡Germany¡¡is¡¡competing¡¡keenly¡¡with¡¡her¡¡in¡¡this¡¡matter¡£¡¡France¡¡is¡¡not¡¡
averse¡¡to¡¡lending¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡sums¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Russia£»¡¡and¡¡Austria¡Hungary¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡capital¡¡
and¡¡to¡¡spare¡¡for¡¡foreign¡¡holdings¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nor¡¡has¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡failed¡¡to¡¡pass¡¡from¡¡the¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡debtor¡¡to¡¡
that¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡creditor¡¡¡¡¡¡nations¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡She£»¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡become¡¡¡¡¡¡wise¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
producing¡¡surplus¡¡value¡£¡¡She¡¡has¡¡been¡¡successful¡¡in¡¡her¡¡efforts¡¡to¡¡secure¡¡
economic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡emancipation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Possessing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡¡¡¡¡¡per¡¡¡¡¡¡cent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡world's¡¡
population¡¡and¡¡producing¡¡32¡¡per¡¡cent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world's¡¡food¡¡supply£»¡¡she¡¡has¡¡
been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡looked¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡world's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡farmer£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡now£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡amidst¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡general¡¡
consternation£»¡¡she¡¡comes¡¡forward¡¡as¡¡the¡¡world's¡¡manufacturer¡£¡¡In¡¡1888¡¡her¡¡
manufactured¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡exports¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡amounted¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡130£»300£»087£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1896£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡53¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡54¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡War¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Classes¡¡
253£»681£»541£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1897£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡279£»652£»721£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1898£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡307£»924£»994£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
1899£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡338£»667£»794£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1900£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡432£»000£»000¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Regarding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡
growing¡¡favorable¡¡balances¡¡of¡¡trade£»¡¡it¡¡may¡¡be¡¡noted¡¡that¡¡not¡¡only¡¡are¡¡her¡¡
imports¡¡not¡¡increasing£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡are¡¡actually¡¡falling¡¡off£»¡¡while¡¡her¡¡exports¡¡
in¡¡the¡¡last¡¡decade¡¡have¡¡increased¡¡72¡£4¡¡per¡¡cent¡£¡¡In¡¡ten¡¡years¡¡her¡¡imports¡¡
from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Europe¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡reduced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡474£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡439£»000£»000£»¡¡
while¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡her¡¡exports¡¡have¡¡increased¡¡from¡¡682£»000£»000¡¡to¡¡
1£»111£»000£»000¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Her¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡balance¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡trade¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡favor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡1895¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡
75£»000£»000£»¡¡in¡¡1896£»¡¡over¡¡100£»000£»000£»¡¡in¡¡1897£»¡¡nearly¡¡300£»000£»000£»¡¡
in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1898£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡615£»000£»000£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1899£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡530£»000£»000£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1900£»¡¡
648£»000£»000¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡matter¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡iron£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡United¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡States£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1840¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡
dreamed¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡entering¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡field¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡international¡¡¡¡¡¡competition£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1897£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡
much¡¡to¡¡her¡¡own¡¡surprise¡¡as¡¡any¡¡one¡¡else's£»¡¡undersold¡¡the¡¡English¡¡in¡¡their¡¡
own¡¡London¡¡market¡£¡¡In¡¡1899¡¡there¡¡was¡¡but¡¡one¡¡American¡¡locomotive¡¡in¡¡
Great¡¡¡¡¡¡Britain£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡locomotives¡¡¡¡¡¡sold¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
United¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡States¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡1902£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡bought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡£¡¡
Russia¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡operating¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡thousand¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡roads¡¡¡¡¡¡today¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡
instance¡¡the¡¡American¡¡manufacturers¡¡contracted¡¡to¡¡deliver¡¡a¡¡locomotive¡¡in¡¡
four¡¡and¡¡one¡half¡¡months¡¡for¡¡9250£»¡¡the¡¡English¡¡manufacturers¡¡requiring¡¡
twenty¡four¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡months¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡delivery¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡14£»000¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡Clyde¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡shipbuilders¡¡
recently¡¡placed¡¡orders¡¡for¡¡150£»000¡¡tons¡¡of¡¡plates¡¡at¡¡a¡¡saving¡¡of¡¡250£»000£»¡¡
and¡¡the¡¡American¡¡steel¡¡going¡¡into¡¡the¡¡making¡¡of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡London¡¡subway¡¡
is¡¡taken¡¡as¡¡a¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡course¡£¡¡American¡¡tools¡¡stand¡¡above¡¡competition¡¡the¡¡
world¡¡over¡£¡¡Ready¡made¡¡boots¡¡and¡¡shoes¡¡are¡¡beginning¡¡to¡¡flood¡¡Europe£»¡¡
the¡¡same¡¡with¡¡machinery£»¡¡bicycles£»¡¡agricultural¡¡implements£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡kinds¡¡
of¡¡manufactured¡¡goods¡£¡¡A¡¡correspondent¡¡from¡¡Hamburg£»¡¡speaking¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
invasion¡¡of¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡trade£»¡¡¡¡says£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Incidentally£»¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡remarked¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡
the¡¡typewriting¡¡machine¡¡with¡¡which¡¡this¡¡article¡¡is¡¡written£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡the¡¡
thousandsnay£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hundreds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡thousandsof¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡others¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡use¡¡
throughout¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡world£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡America£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡stands¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡
American¡¡¡¡¡¡table£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡office¡¡¡¡¡¡furnished¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡desks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡bookcases£»¡¡
and¡¡chairs£»¡¡which¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡made¡¡in¡¡Europe¡¡of¡¡equal¡¡quality£»¡¡so¡¡practical¡¡
and¡¡convenient£»¡¡for¡¡a¡¡similar¡¡price¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡54¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡55¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡War¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Classes¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡1893¡¡and¡¡1894£»¡¡because¡¡of¡¡the¡¡distrust¡¡of¡¡foreign¡¡capital£»¡¡the¡¡United¡¡
States¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡forced¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡buy¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡securities¡¡¡¡¡¡held¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
¡¡1897¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡1898¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡bought¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡American¡¡¡¡¡¡securities¡¡¡¡¡¡held¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡
because¡¡she¡¡had¡¡to£»¡¡but¡¡because¡¡she¡¡chose¡¡to¡£¡¡And¡¡not¡¡only¡¡has¡¡she¡¡bought¡¡
back¡¡her¡¡own¡¡securities£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡the¡¡last¡¡eight¡¡years¡¡she¡¡has¡¡become¡¡a¡¡buyer¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡securities¡¡of¡¡other¡¡countries¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡money¡¡markets¡¡of¡¡London£»¡¡Paris£»¡¡
and¡¡Berlin¡¡she¡¡is¡¡a¡¡lender¡¡of¡¡money¡£¡¡Carrying¡¡the¡¡largest¡¡stock¡¡of¡¡gold¡¡in¡¡
the¡¡world£»¡¡the¡¡world£»¡¡in¡¡moments¡¡of¡¡danger£»¡¡when¡¡crises¡¡of¡¡international¡¡
finance¡¡loom¡¡large£»¡¡looks¡¡to¡¡her¡¡vast¡¡lending¡¡ability¡¡for¡¡safety¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thus£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡few¡¡swift¡¡years£»¡¡has¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡drawn¡¡up¡¡to¡¡the¡¡van¡¡
where¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡industrial¡¡¡¡¡¡nations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡fighting¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡commercial¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
financial¡¡empire¡£¡¡The¡¡figures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡race£»¡¡in¡¡which¡¡she¡¡passed¡¡England£»¡¡are¡¡
interesting£º¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Year¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡United¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡States¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Exports¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡United¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Kingdom¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Exports¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1875¡¡
497£»263£»737¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»087£»497£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1885¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡673£»593£»506¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»037£»124£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1895¡¡
807£»742£»415¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»100£»452£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1896¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡986£»830£»080¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»168£»671£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1897¡¡
¡¡1£»079£»834£»296¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»139£»882£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1898¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»233£»564£»828¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£»135£»642£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1899¡¡
¡¡1£»253£»466£»000¡¡1£»287£»971£»000¡¡1900¡¡1£»453£»013£»659¡¡1£»418£»348£»000¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Henry¡¡¡¡¡¡Demarest¡¡¡¡¡¡Lloyd¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡noted£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨When¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡news¡¡¡¡¡¡reached¡¡
Germany¡¡of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡steel¡¡trust¡¡in¡¡America£»¡¡the¡¡stocks¡¡of¡¡the¡¡iron¡¡and¡¡steel¡¡
mills¡¡listed¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Berlin¡¡Bourse¡¡fell¡£¡¨¡¡While¡¡Europe¡¡has¡¡been¡¡talking¡¡and¡¡
dreaming¡¡of¡¡the¡¡greatness¡¡which¡¡was£»¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡has¡¡been¡¡thinking¡¡
and¡¡planning¡¡and¡¡doing¡¡for¡¡the¡¡greatness¡¡to¡¡be¡£¡¡Her¡¡captains¡¡of¡¡industry¡¡
and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡kings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡finance¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡toiled¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sweated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡organizing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
consolidating¡¡production¡¡and¡¡transportation¡£¡¡But¡¡this¡¡has¡¡been¡¡merely¡¡the¡¡
developmental¡¡¡¡¡¡stage£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡tuning¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡orchestra¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡With¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡twentieth¡¡
century¡¡rises¡¡the¡¡curtain¡¡on¡¡the¡¡play£»a¡¡play¡¡which¡¡shall¡¡have¡¡much¡¡in¡¡it¡¡of¡¡
comedy¡¡and¡¡a¡¡vast¡¡deal¡¡of¡¡tragedy£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡has¡¡been¡¡well¡¡named¡¡The¡¡
Capitalistic¡¡¡¡¡¡Conquest¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Europe¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡America¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Nations¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡die¡¡¡¡¡¡easily£»¡¡
and¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡first¡¡moves¡¡of¡¡Europe¡¡will¡¡be¡¡the¡¡erection¡¡of¡¡tariff¡¡walls¡£¡¡
America£»¡¡however£»¡¡will¡¡fittingly¡¡reply£»¡¡for¡¡alrea
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£
ÔÞÒ»ÏÂ
Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü