spirits。his ordinary garments were poor； but he displayed the utmost elegance in hissacrificial cap and apron。 he lived in a low； mean house； but expended all hisstrength on the ditches and water channels。 i can find nothing like a flaw inyu。〃
9
the subjects of which the master seldom spoke were…profitableness； and alsothe appointments of heaven； and perfect virtue。
a man of the village of ta…hsiang said； 〃great indeed is the philosopherk'ung！ his learning is extensive； and yet he does not render his name famous byany particular thing。〃
the master heard the observation； and said to his disciples； 〃what shall ipractice？ shall i practice charioteering； or shall i practice archery？ i willpractice charioteering。〃
the master said； 〃the linen cap is that prescribed by the rules of ceremony；but now a silk one is worn。 it is economical； and i follow the mon practice。
〃the rules of ceremony prescribe the bowing below the hall； but now thepractice is to bow only after ascending it。 that is arrogant。 i continue to bowbelow the hall； though i oppose the mon practice。〃
there were four things from which the master was entirely free。 he had noforegone conclusions； no arbitrary predeterminations； no obstinacy； and noegoism。
the master was put in fear in k'wang。
he said； 〃after the death of king wan； was not the cause of truth lodgedhere in me？
〃if heaven had wished to let this cause of truth perish； then i； a futuremortal！ should not have got such a relation to that cause。 while heaven does notlet the cause of truth perish； what can the people of k'wang do to me？〃
a high officer asked tsze…kung； saying； 〃may we not say that your master isa sage？ how various is his ability！〃
tsze…kung said； 〃certainly heaven has endowed him unlimitedly。 he is about asage。 and； moreover； his ability is various。〃
the master heard of the conversation and said； 〃does the high officer knowme？ when i was young； my condition was low； and i acquired my ability in manythings； but they were mean matters。 must the superior man have such variety ofability？ he does not need variety of ability。 lao said； 〃the master said；'having no official employment； i acquired many arts。'〃
the master said； 〃am i indeed possessed of knowledge？ i am not knowing。 butif a mean person； who appears quite empty…like； ask anything of me； i set itforth from one end to the other； and exhaust it。〃
the master said； 〃the fang bird does not e； the river sends forth nomap：…it is all over with me！〃
when the master saw a person in a mourning dress； or any one with the capand upper and lower garments of full dress； or a blind person； on observing themapproaching； though they were younger than himself； he would rise up； and if hehad to pass by them； he would do so hastily。
yen yuan； in admiration of the master's doctrines； sighed and said； 〃ilooked up to them； and they seemed to bee more high； i tried to penetratethem； and they seemed to bee more firm； i looked at them before me； andsuddenly they seemed to be behind。
〃the master； by orderly method； skillfully leads men on。 he enlarged my mindwith learning； and taught me the restraints of propriety。
〃when i wish to give over the study of his doctrines； i cannot do so； andhaving exerted all my ability； there seems something to stand right up before me；but though i wish to follow and lay hold of it； i really find no way to do so。〃
the master being very ill； tsze…lu wished the disciples to act as ministersto him。
during a remission of his illness； he said； 〃long has the conduct of yu beendeceitful！ by pretending to have ministers when i have them not； whom should iimpose upon？ should i impose upon heaven？
〃moreover； than that i should die in the hands of ministers； is it notbetter that i should die in the hands of you； my disciples？ and though i may notget a great burial； shall i die upon the road？〃
tsze…kung said； 〃there is a beautiful gem here。 should i lay it up in a caseand keep it？ or should i seek for a good price and sell it？〃 the master said；〃sell it！ sell it！ but i would wait for one to offer the price。〃
the master was wishing to go and live among the nine wild tribes of the east。
some one said； 〃they are rude。 how can you do such a thing？〃 the master said；〃if a superior man dwelt among them； what rudeness would there be？〃
the master said； 〃i returned from wei to lu； and then the music was reformed；and the pieces in the royal songs and praise songs all found their properplaces。〃
the master said； 〃abroad； to serve the high ministers and nobles； at home；to serve one's father and elder brothers； in all duties to the dead； not to darenot to exert one's self； and not to be overe of wine：…which one of thesethings do i attain to？〃
the master standing by a stream； said； 〃it passes on just like this； notceasing day or night！〃
the master said； 〃i have not seen one who loves virtue as he loves beauty。〃
the master said； 〃the prosecution of learning may be pared to what mayhappen in raising a mound。 if there want but one basket of earth to plete thework； and i stop； the stopping is my own work。 it may be pared to throwingdown the earth on the level ground。 though but one basketful is thrown at a time；the advancing with it my own going forward。〃
the master said； 〃never flagging when i set forth anything to him；…ah！ thatis hui。〃 the master said of yen yuan； 〃alas！ i saw his constant advance。 i neversaw him stop in his progress。〃
the master said； 〃there are cases in which the blade springs； but the plantdoes not go on to flower！ there are cases where it flowers but fruit is notsubsequently produced！〃
the master said； 〃a youth is to be regarded with respect。 how do we knowthat his future will not be equal to our present？ if he reach the age of fortyor fifty； and has not made himself heard of； then indeed he will not be worthbeing regarded with respect。〃
the master said； 〃can men refuse to assent to the words of strict admonition？but it is reforming the conduct because of them which is valuable。 can menrefuse to be pleased with words of gentle advice？ but it is unfolding their aimwhich is valuable。 if a man be pleased with these words； but does not unfoldtheir aim； and assents to those； but does not reform his conduct； i can reallydo nothing with him。〃
the master said； 〃hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles。 haveno friends not equal to yourself。 when you have faults； do not fear to abandonthem。〃
the master said； 〃the mander of the forces of a large state may becarried off； but the will of even a mon man cannot be taken from him。〃
the master said； 〃dressed himself in a tattered robe quilted with hemp； yetstanding by the side of men dressed in furs； and not ashamed；…ah！ it is yu whois equal to this！
〃he dislikes none； he covets nothing；…what can he do but what is good！〃
tsze…lu kept continually repeating these words of the ode； when the mastersaid； 〃those things are by no means sufficient to constitute perfectexcellence。〃
the master said； 〃when the year bees cold； then we know how the pine andthe cypress are the last to lose their leaves。〃
the master said； 〃the wise are free from perplexities； the virtuous fromanxiety； and the bold from fear。〃
the master said； 〃there are some with whom we may study in mon； but weshall find them unable to go along with us to principles。 perhaps we may go onwith them to principles； but we shall find them unable to get established inthose along with us。 or if we may get so established along with them； we shallfind them unable to weigh occurring events along with us。〃
〃how the flowers of the aspen…plum flutter and turn！ do i not think of you？but your house is distant。〃
the master said； 〃it is the want of thought about it。 how is it distant？〃
10
confucius； in his village； looked simple and sincere； and as if he were notable to speak。
when he was in the prince's ancestral temple； or in the court； he spokeminutely on every point； but cautiously。
when he was waiting at court； in speaking with the great officers of thelower grade； he spoke freely； but in a straightforward manner； in speaking withthose of the higher grade； he did so blandly； but precisely。
when the ruler was present； his manner displayed respectful uneasiness； itwas grave； but self…possessed。
when the prince called him to employ him in the reception of a visitor； hiscountenance appeared to change； and his legs to move forward with difficulty。
he inclined himself to the other officers among whom he stood； moving hisleft or right arm； as their position required； but keeping the skirts of hisrobe before and behind evenly adjusted。
he hastened forward； with his arms like the wings of a bird。
when the guest had retired； he would report to the prince； 〃the visitor isnot turning round any more。〃
when he entered the palace gate； he seemed to bend his body； as if it werenot sufficient to admit him。
when he was standing； he did not occupy the middle of the gateway； when hepassed in or out； he did not tread upon the threshold。
when he was passing the vacant place of the prince； his countenance appearedto change； and his legs to bend under him； and his words came as if he hardlyhad breath to utter them。
he ascended the reception hall； holding up his robe with both his hands； andhis body bent； holding in his breath also； as if he dared not breathe。
when he came out from the audience； as soon as he had descended one step； hebegan to relax his countenance； and had a satisfied look。 when he had got thebottom of the steps； he advanced rapidly to his place； with his arms like wings；and on occupying it； his manner still showed respectful uneasiness。
when he was carrying the scepter of his ruler； he seemed to bend his body；as if he were not able to bear its weight。 he did not hold it higher than theposition of the hands in making a bow； nor lower than their position in givinganything to another。 his countenance seemed to change； and look apprehensive；and he dragged his feet along as if they were held by something to the ground。
in presenting the presents with which he was charged； he wore a placidappearance