¡¶a record of buddhistic kingdoms(·ð¶¼¼Ç¼)¡·

ÏÂÔØ±¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

a record of buddhistic kingdoms(·ð¶¼¼Ç¼)- µÚ21²¿·Ö


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡

£¨his¡¡aunt£©¡¡Maja¡­prajapati¡¡presented¡¡him¡¡with¡¡a¡¡Sanghali£»£§14£§¡¡and¡¡£¨where£©¡¡

king¡¡¡¡¡¡Vaidurya¡¡¡¡¡¡slew¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡seed¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sakya£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡dying¡¡¡¡became¡¡

Srotapannas¡££§15£§¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡tope¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡erected¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡place£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡still¡¡

existing¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Several¡¡le¡¡north¡­east¡¡from¡¡the¡¡city¡¡was¡¡the¡¡king's¡¡field£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡heir¡­¡¡

apparent¡¡sat¡¡under¡¡a¡¡tree£»¡¡and¡¡looked¡¡at¡¡the¡¡ploughers¡££§16£§¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Fifty¡¡le¡¡¡¡¡¡east¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡city¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡garden£»¡¡¡¡¡¡named¡¡¡¡¡¡Lumbini£»£§17£§¡¡¡¡where¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡97¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡98¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡RECORD¡¡OF¡¡BUDDHISTIC¡¡KINGDOMS¡¡



the¡¡queen¡¡entered¡¡the¡¡pond¡¡and¡¡bathed¡£¡¡Having¡¡come¡¡forth¡¡from¡¡the¡¡pond¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡northern¡¡bank£»¡¡after¡¡£¨walking£©¡¡twenty¡¡paces£»¡¡she¡¡lifted¡¡up¡¡her¡¡hand£»¡¡

laid¡¡hold¡¡of¡¡a¡¡branch¡¡of¡¡a¡¡tree£»¡¡and£»¡¡with¡¡her¡¡face¡¡to¡¡the¡¡east£»¡¡gave¡¡birth¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heir¡­apparent¡££§18£§¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡fell¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡ground£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡£¨immediately£©¡¡

walked¡¡seven¡¡paces¡£¡¡Two¡¡dragon¡­kings¡¡£¨appeared£©¡¡and¡¡washed¡¡his¡¡body¡£¡¡

At¡¡the¡¡place¡¡where¡¡they¡¡did¡¡so£»¡¡there¡¡was¡¡immediately¡¡formed¡¡a¡¡well£»¡¡and¡¡

from¡¡it£»¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡from¡¡the¡¡above¡¡pond£»¡¡where¡¡£¨the¡¡queen£©¡¡bathed£»£§19£§¡¡the¡¡

monks¡¡£¨even£©¡¡now¡¡constantly¡¡take¡¡the¡¡water£»¡¡and¡¡drink¡¡it¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡four¡¡places¡¡of¡¡regular¡¡and¡¡fixed¡¡occurrence¡¡£¨in¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of£©¡¡

all¡¡Buddhas£ºfirst£»¡¡the¡¡place¡¡where¡¡they¡¡attained¡¡to¡¡perfect¡¡Wisdom¡¡£¨and¡¡

became¡¡¡¡¡¡Buddha£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡second£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡turned¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wheel¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Law£»£§20£§¡¡¡¡¡¡third£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡preached¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Law£»¡¡¡¡¡¡discoursed¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

righteousness£»¡¡and¡¡discomfited¡¡£¨the¡¡advocates¡¡of£©¡¡erroneous¡¡doctrines£»¡¡and¡¡

fourth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡down£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡going¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Trayatrimsas¡¡¡¡¡¡heaven¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡preach¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Law¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡benefit¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡mothers¡£¡¡

Other¡¡places¡¡in¡¡connexion¡¡with¡¡them¡¡became¡¡remarkable£»¡¡according¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

manifestations¡¡which¡¡were¡¡made¡¡at¡¡them¡¡at¡¡particular¡¡times¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡country¡¡of¡¡Kapilavastu¡¡is¡¡a¡¡great¡¡scene¡¡of¡¡empty¡¡desolation¡£¡¡The¡¡

inhabitants¡¡are¡¡few¡¡¡¡and¡¡far¡¡between¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡roads¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡

their¡¡¡¡¡¡guard¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡¡¡¡¡white¡¡¡¡¡¡elephants£§21£§¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡lions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡travel¡¡

incautiously¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡98¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡99¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡RECORD¡¡OF¡¡BUDDHISTIC¡¡KINGDOMS¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡NOTES¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§1£§¡¡¡¡¡¡Kapilavastu£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡city¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡beautiful¡¡¡¡¡¡virtue£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡birthplace¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Sakyamuni£»¡¡but¡¡was¡¡destroyed£»¡¡as¡¡intimated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡notes¡¡on¡¡last¡¡chapter£»¡¡

during¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡lifetime¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡situated¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡short¡¡¡¡¡¡distance¡¡¡¡¡¡north¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡west¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

present¡¡Goruckpoor£»¡¡lat¡£¡¡26d¡¡46s¡¡N¡££»¡¡lon¡£¡¡83d¡¡19s¡¡E¡£¡¡Davids¡¡says¡¡£¨Manual£»¡¡

p¡£¡¡25£©£»¡¡¡¨It¡¡was¡¡on¡¡the¡¡banks¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river¡¡Rohini£»¡¡the¡¡modern¡¡Kohana£»¡¡about¡¡

100¡¡miles¡¡north¡­west¡¡of¡¡the¡¡city¡¡of¡¡Benares¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§2£§¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡supposed¡¡¡¡¡¡father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Sakyamuni¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡here¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡

¡¨the¡¡king¡¡white¡¡and¡¡pure¡¨¡¡£¨£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý£©¡£¡¡A¡¡more¡¡common¡¡appellation¡¡is¡¡¡¨the¡¡

king¡¡of¡¡pure¡¡rice¡¨¡¡£¨£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý£©£»¡¨¡¡but¡¡the¡¡character¡¡£û¡££ý£»¡¡or¡¡¡¨rice£»¡¨¡¡must¡¡be¡¡a¡¡

mistake¡¡for¡¡£û¡££ý£»¡¡¡¨Brahman£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡the¡¡appellation=¡¡¡¨Pure¡¡Brahman¡¡king¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§3£§¡¡The¡¡¡¨eldest¡¡son£»¡¨¡¡or¡¡¡¨prince¡¨¡¡was¡¡Sakyamuni£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡mother¡¡had¡¡

no¡¡other¡¡son¡£¡¡For¡¡¡¨his¡¡mother£»¡¨¡¡see¡¡chap¡£¡¡xvii£»¡¡note¡¡3¡£¡¡She¡¡was¡¡a¡¡daughter¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡Anjana¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡Anusakya£»¡¡¡¡¡¡king¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡neighbouring¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Koli£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

Yasodhara£»¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡aunt¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Suddhodana¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡appear¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡various¡¡

intermarriages¡¡between¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡houses¡¡of¡¡Kapila¡¡and¡¡Koli¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§4£§¡¡In¡¡¡¨The¡¡Life¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Buddha£»¡¨¡¡p¡£¡¡15£»¡¡we¡¡read¡¡that¡¡¡¨Buddha¡¡was¡¡now¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡Tushita¡¡heaven£»¡¡and¡¡knowing¡¡that¡¡his¡¡time¡¡was¡¡come¡¡£¨the¡¡time¡¡for¡¡

his¡¡last¡¡rebirth¡¡in¡¡the¡¡course¡¡of¡¡which¡¡he¡¡would¡¡become¡¡Buddha£©£»¡¡he¡¡made¡¡

the¡¡necessary¡¡examinations£»¡¡and¡¡having¡¡decided¡¡that¡¡Maha¡­maya¡¡was¡¡the¡¡

right¡¡¡¡¡¡mother£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡midnight¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡watch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡entered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡womb¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

appearance¡¡of¡¡an¡¡elephant¡£¡¨¡¡See¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡pp¡£¡¡140¡­143£»¡¡and£»¡¡still¡¡better£»¡¡Rhys¡¡

Davids'¡¡¡¨Birth¡¡Stories£»¡¨¡¡pp¡£¡¡58¡­63¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§5£§¡¡In¡¡Hardy's¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡pp¡£¡¡154£»¡¡155£»¡¡we¡¡read£»¡¡¡¨As¡¡the¡¡prince¡¡£¨Siddhartha£»¡¡

the¡¡first¡¡name¡¡given¡¡to¡¡Sakyamuni£»¡¡see¡¡Eitel£»¡¡under¡¡Sarvarthasiddha£©¡¡was¡¡

one¡¡day¡¡passing¡¡along£»¡¡he¡¡saw¡¡a¡¡deva¡¡under¡¡the¡¡appearance¡¡of¡¡a¡¡leper£»¡¡full¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡sores£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡body¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡water¡­vessel£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡legs¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡pestle¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡

pounding¡¡rice£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡he¡¡learned¡¡from¡¡his¡¡charioteer¡¡what¡¡it¡¡was¡¡that¡¡he¡¡

saw£»¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡became¡¡¡¡¡¡agitated£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡returned¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡palace¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡See¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡

Rhys¡¡Davids'¡¡¡¨Buddhism£»¡¨¡¡p¡£¡¡29¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§6£§¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡addition¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡own£»¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨There¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡topes¡¡

erected¡¡at¡¡the¡¡following¡¡spots£»¡¨¡¡of¡¡former¡¡translators¡£¡¡Fa¡­hien¡¡does¡¡not¡¡say¡¡

that¡¡there¡¡were¡¡memorial¡¡topes¡¡at¡¡all¡¡these¡¡places¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡99¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡100¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡RECORD¡¡OF¡¡BUDDHISTIC¡¡KINGDOMS¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§7£§¡¡Asita£»¡¡see¡¡Eitel£»¡¡p¡£¡¡15¡£¡¡He¡¡is¡¡called¡¡in¡¡Pali¡¡Kala¡¡Devala£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡

been¡¡a¡¡minister¡¡of¡¡Suddhodana's¡¡father¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§8£§¡¡In¡¡¡¨The¡¡Life¡¡of¡¡Buddha¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡read¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Lichchhavis¡¡of¡¡Vaisali¡¡

had¡¡sent¡¡to¡¡the¡¡young¡¡prince¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡very¡¡fine¡¡¡¡¡¡elephant£»¡¡but¡¡when¡¡it¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡near¡¡

Kapilavastu£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Devadatta£»¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡envy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡killed¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡blow¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡fist¡£¡¡

Nanda¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨not¡¡Ananda£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡half¡­brother¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Siddhartha£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡coming¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡way£»¡¡

saw¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡carcase¡¡¡¡¡¡lying¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡road£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡pulled¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡side£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Bodhisattva£»¡¡¡¡seeing¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡there£»¡¡¡¡took¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡tail£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡tossed¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡seven¡¡

fences¡¡and¡¡ditches£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡force¡¡of¡¡its¡¡fall¡¡made¡¡a¡¡great¡¡ditch¡£¡¡I¡¡suspect¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡characters¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡column¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡disarranged£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡

should¡¡read¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý£»¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý£»¡¡£û¡££ý¡¡£û¡££ý¡£¡¡Buddha£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡Siddhartha£»¡¡was¡¡

at¡¡this¡¡time¡¡only¡¡ten¡¡years¡¡old¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§9£§¡¡The¡¡young¡¡Sakyas¡¡were¡¡shooting¡¡when¡¡the¡¡prince¡¡thus¡¡surpassed¡¡

them¡¡all¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡then¡¡seventeen¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§10£§¡¡This¡¡was¡¡not¡¡the¡¡night¡¡when¡¡he¡¡finally¡¡fled¡¡from¡¡Kapilavastu£»¡¡and¡¡

as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡leaving¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡palace£»¡¡¡¡¡¡perceiving¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡sleeping¡¡¡¡¡¡father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡said£»¡¡

¡¨Father£»¡¡though¡¡I¡¡love¡¡thee£»¡¡yet¡¡a¡¡fear¡¡possesses¡¡me£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡may¡¡not¡¡stay£»¡¨¡¡

The¡¡Life¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Buddha£»¡¡p¡£¡¡25¡£¡¡Most¡¡probably¡¡it¡¡was¡¡that¡¡related¡¡in¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡

pp¡£¡¡199¡­204¡£¡¡See¡¡¡¨Buddhist¡¡Birth¡¡Stories£»¡¨¡¡pp¡£¡¡120¡­¡¡127¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§11£§¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡this£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡suppose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡show¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡humility£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡Upali¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

only¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡Sudra¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡birth£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡barber£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡did¡¡

Buddhism¡¡assert¡¡its¡¡superiority¡¡to¡¡the¡¡conditions¡¡of¡¡rank¡¡and¡¡caste¡£¡¡Upali¡¡

was¡¡distinguished¡¡by¡¡his¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡rules¡¡of¡¡discipline£»¡¡and¡¡praised¡¡

on¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡account¡¡by¡¡¡¡Buddha¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡leaders¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡

synod£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡principal¡¡compiler¡¡of¡¡the¡¡original¡¡Vinaya¡¡books¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§12£§¡¡I¡¡have¡¡not¡¡met¡¡with¡¡the¡¡particulars¡¡of¡¡this¡¡preaching¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§13£§¡¡¡¡¡¡Meaning£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡explained¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Chinese£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨a¡¡¡¡¡¡tree¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡knots£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

/ficus¡¡Indica/¡£¡¡See¡¡Rhys¡¡Davids'¡¡note£»¡¡Manual£»¡¡p¡£¡¡39£»¡¡where¡¡he¡¡says¡¡that¡¡a¡¡

branch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡trees¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡taken¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Buddha¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Gaya¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

Anuradhapura¡¡in¡¡Ceylon¡¡in¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡of¡¡the¡¡third¡¡century¡¡B¡£C£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡still¡¡

growing¡¡there£»¡¡the¡¡oldest¡¡historical¡¡tree¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§14£§¡¡¡¡See¡¡¡¡¡¡chap¡£¡¡¡¡xiii£»¡¡¡¡note¡¡11¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡met¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡account¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡

presentation¡£¡¡See¡¡the¡¡long¡¡account¡¡of¡¡Prajapati¡¡in¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡pp¡£¡¡306¡­315¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§15£§¡¡See¡¡chap¡£¡¡xx£»¡¡note¡¡10¡£¡¡The¡¡Srotapannas¡¡are¡¡the¡¡first¡¡class¡¡of¡¡saints£»¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡100¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡101¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡RECORD¡¡OF¡¡BUDDHISTIC¡¡KINGDOMS¡¡



who¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡reborn¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡lower¡¡¡¡¡¡sphere£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡attain¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡nirvana¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡

having¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reborn¡¡¡¡¡¡seven¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡times¡¡¡¡¡¡consecutively¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡devas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡

Chinese¡¡editions¡¡state¡¡there¡¡were¡¡¡¨1000¡¨¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Sakya¡¡seed¡£¡¡The¡¡general¡¡

account¡¡is¡¡that¡¡they¡¡were¡¡500£»¡¡all¡¡maidens£»¡¡who¡¡refused¡¡to¡¡take¡¡their¡¡place¡¡

in¡¡king¡¡Vaidurya's¡¡harem£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡in¡¡consequence¡¡taken¡¡to¡¡a¡¡pond£»¡¡and¡¡

had¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡hands¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡feet¡¡¡¡¡¡cut¡¡¡¡¡¡off¡£¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡Buddha¡¡¡¡¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

wounds¡¡dressed£»¡¡and¡¡preached¡¡to¡¡them¡¡the¡¡Law¡£¡¡They¡¡died¡¡in¡¡the¡¡faith£»¡¡and¡¡

were¡¡reborn¡¡in¡¡the¡¡region¡¡of¡¡the¡¡four¡¡Great¡¡Kings¡£¡¡Thence¡¡they¡¡came¡¡back¡¡

and¡¡visited¡¡Buddha¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Jetavana¡¡in¡¡the¡¡night£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡there¡¡they¡¡obtained¡¡the¡¡

reward¡¡of¡¡Srotapanna¡£¡¡¡¨The¡¡Life¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Buddha£»¡¨¡¡p¡£¡¡121¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§16£§¡¡See¡¡the¡¡account¡¡of¡¡this¡¡event¡¡in¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡p¡£¡¡150¡£¡¡The¡¡account¡¡of¡¡it¡¡

reminds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡ploughing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡sovereign£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡

institution¡¡in¡¡China¡¡from¡¡the¡¡earliest¡¡times¡£¡¡But¡¡there¡¡we¡¡have¡¡no¡¡magic¡¡

and¡¡no¡¡extravagance¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§17£§¡¡¡¨The¡¡place¡¡of¡¡Liberation£»¡¨¡¡see¡¡chap¡£¡¡xiii£»¡¡note¡¡7¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§18£§¡¡See¡¡the¡¡accounts¡¡of¡¡this¡¡event¡¡in¡¡M¡£¡¡B¡££»¡¡pp¡£¡¡145£»¡¡146£»¡¡¡¨The¡¡Life¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡Buddha£»¡¨¡¡pp¡£¡¡15£»¡¡16£»¡¡and¡¡¡¨Buddhist¡¡Birth¡¡Stories£»¡¨¡¡p¡£¡¡66¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§19£§¡¡There¡¡is¡¡difficulty¡¡in¡¡construing¡¡the¡¡text¡¡of¡¡this¡¡last¡¡statement¡£¡¡Mr¡£¡¡

Beal¡¡had£»¡¡no¡¡doubt¡¡inadvertently£»¡¡omitted¡¡it¡¡in¡¡his¡¡first¡¡translation¡£¡¡In¡¡his¡¡

revised¡¡version¡¡he¡¡gives¡¡for¡¡it£»¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡say¡¡happily£»¡¡¡¨As¡¡well¡¡as¡¡at¡¡the¡¡pool£»¡¡

the¡¡water¡¡of¡¡which¡¡came¡¡down¡¡from¡¡above¡¡for¡¡washing¡¡£¨the¡¡child£©¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§20£§¡¡See¡¡chap¡£¡¡xvii£»¡¡note¡¡8¡£¡¡See¡¡also¡¡Davids'¡¡Manual£»¡¡p¡£¡¡45¡£¡¡The¡¡latter¡¡

says£»¡¡that¡¡¡¨to¡¡turn¡¡the¡¡wheel¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Law¡¨¡¡means¡¡¡¨to¡¡set¡¡rolling¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡

chariot¡¡¡¡¡¡wheel¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡universal¡¡¡¡¡¡empire¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡truth¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡righteousness£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡

admits¡¡that¡¡this¡¡is¡¡more¡¡grandiloquent¡¡than¡¡the¡¡phraseology¡¡was¡¡in¡¡the¡¡ears¡¡

of¡¡Buddhists¡£¡¡I¡¡prefer¡¡the¡¡words¡¡quoted¡¡from¡¡Eitel¡¡in¡¡the¡¡note¡¡referred¡¡to¡£¡¡

¡¨They¡¡turned¡¨¡¡is¡¡probably¡¡equivalent¡¡to¡¡¡¨They¡¡began¡¡to¡¡turn¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§21£§¡¡¡¡¡¡Fa¡­hien¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡say¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡white¡¡

elephants£»¡¡nor¡¡does¡¡he¡¡speak¡¡
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü