he family； （b） servants' quarters； （c） kitchen…ga rden； （d） gooseberry…bushes。 He lived parsimoniously； was frugal in food and drink； his clothes were beyond description； he looked like a beggar； but kept on saving and putting money in the bank。 He grew fearfully avaricious。 I did not like to look at him； and I used to give him something and send him presents for Christmas and Easter； but he used to save that too。 Once a man is absorbed by an idea there is no doing anything with him。
〃Years passed： he was transferred to another province。 He was over forty； and he was still reading the advertisements in the papers and saving up。 Then I heard he was married。 Still with the same object of buying a farm and having gooseberries； he married an elderly and ugly widow without a trace of feeling for her； simply because she had filthy lucre。 He went on living frugally after marrying her； and kept her short of food； while he put her money in the bank in his name。
〃Her first husband had been a postmaster； and with him she was accustomed to pies and home…made wines； while with her second husband she did not get enough black bread； she began to pine away with this sort of life； and three years later she gave up her soul to God。 And I need hardly say that my brother never for one moment imagined that he was responsible for her death。 Money； like vodka； makes a man queer。 In our town there was a merchant who； before he died； ordered a plateful of honey and ate up all his money and lottery tickets with the honey； so that no one might get the benefit of it。 While I was inspecting cattle at a railway…station； a cattle…dealer fell under an engine and had his leg cut off。 We carried him into the waiting…room； the blood was flowing it was a horrible thing and he kept asking them to look for his leg and was very much worried about it； there were twenty roubles in the boot on the leg that had been cut off； and he was afraid they would be lost。〃
〃That's a story from a different opera；〃 said Burkin。
〃After his wife's death；〃 Ivan Ivanovitch went on； after thinking for half a minute； 〃my brother began looking out for an estate for himself。 Of course； you may look about for five years and yet end by making a mistake； and buying something quite different from what you have dreamed of。 My brother Nikolay bought through an agent a mortgaged estate of three hundred and thirty acres； with a house for the family； with servants' quarters； with a park； but with no orchard； no gooseberry…bushes； and no duck…pond； there was a river； but the water in it was the colour of coffee； because on one side of the estate there was a brickyard and on the other a factory for burning bones。 But Nikolay Ivanovitch did not grieve much； he ordered twenty gooseberry…bushes； planted them； and began living as a country gentleman。
〃Last year I went to pay him a visit。 I thought I would go and see what it was like。 In his letters my brother called his estate 'Tchumbaroklov Waste； alias Himalaiskoe。' I reached 'alias Himalaiskoe' in the afternoon。 It was hot。 Everywhere there were ditches； fences； hedges； fir…trees planted in rows； and there was no knowing how to get to the yard； where to put one's horse。 I went up to the house； and was met by a fat red dog that looked like a pig。 It wanted to bark； but it was too lazy。 The cook； a fat； barefooted woman； came out of the kitchen； and she； too； looked like a pig； and said that her master was resting after dinner。 I went in to see my brother。 He was sitting up in bed with a quilt over his legs； he had grown older； fatter； wrinkled； his cheeks； his nose； and his mouth all stuck out he looked as though he might begin grunting into the quilt at any moment。
〃We embraced each other； and shed tears of joy and of sadness at the thought that we had once been young and now were both grey…headed and near the grave。 He dressed； and led me out to show me the estate。
〃 'Well； how are you getting on here？' I asked。
〃 'Oh； all right； thank God； I am getting on very well。'
〃He was no more a poor timid clerk； but a real landowner； a gentleman。 He was already accustomed to it； had grown used to it； and liked it。 He ate a great deal； went to the bath…house； was growing stout； was already at law with the village commune and both factories； and was very much offended when the peasants did not call him 'Your Honour。' And he concerned himself with the salvation of his soul in a substantial； gentlemanly manner； and performed deeds of charity； not simply； but with an air of consequence。 And what deeds of charity！ He treated the peasants for every sort of disease with soda and castor oil； and on his name…day had a thanksgiving service in the middle of the village； and then treated the peasants to a gallon of vodka he thought that was the thing to do。 Oh； those horrible gallons of vodka！ One day the fat landowner hauls the peasants up before the district captain for trespass； and next day； in honour of a holiday； treats them to a gallon of vodka； and they drink and shout 'Hurrah！' and when they are drunk bow down to his feet。 A change of life for the better； and being well…fed and idle develop in a Russian the most insolent self…conceit。 Nikolay Ivanovitch； who at one time in the government office was afraid to have any views of his own； now could say nothing that was not gospel truth； and uttered such truths in the tone of a prime minister。 'Education is essential； but for the peasants it is premature。' 'Corporal punishment is harmful as a rule； but in some cases it is necessary and there is nothing to take its place。'
〃 'I know the peasants and understand how to treat them；' he would say。 'The peasants like me。 I need only to hold up my little finger and the peasants will do anything I like。'
〃And all this； observe； was uttered with a wise； benevolent smile。 He repeated twenty times over 'We noblemen；' 'I as a noble'； obviously he did not remember that our grandfather was a peasant； and our father a soldier。 Even our surname Tchimsha…Himalaisky； in reality so incongruous； seemed to him now melodious； distinguished； and very agreeable。
〃But the point just now is not he； but myself。 I want to tell you about the change that took place in me during the brief hours I spent at his country place。 In the evening； when we were drinking tea； the cook put on the table a plateful of gooseberries。 They were not bought； but his own gooseberries； gathered for the first time since the bushes were planted。 Nikolay Ivanovitch laughed and looked for a minute in silence at the gooseberries； with tears in his eyes； he could not speak for excitement。 Then he put one gooseberry in his mouth； looked at me with the triumph of a child who has at last received his favourite toy； and said：
〃 'How delicious！'
〃And he ate them greedily； continually repeating； 'Ah； how delicious！ Do taste them！'
〃They were sour and unripe； but； as Pushkin says：
〃 'Dearer to us the falsehood that exalts Than hosts of baser truths。'
〃I saw a happy man whose cherished dream was so obviously fulfilled； who had attained his object in life； who had gained what he wanted； who was satisfied with his fate and himself。 There is always； for some reason； an element of sadness mingled with my thoughts of human happiness； and； on this occasion； at the sight of a happy man I was overcome by an oppressive feeling that was close upon despair。 It was particularly oppressive at night。 A bed was made up for me in the room next to my brother's bedroom； and I could hear that he was awake； and that he kept getting up and going to the plate of gooseberries and taking one。 I reflected how many satisfied； happy people there really are！ 'What a suffocating force it is！ You look at life： the insolence and idleness of the strong； the ignorance and brutishness of the weak； incredible poverty all about us； overcrowding； degeneration； drunkenness； hypocrisy； lying。 。 。 。 Yet all is calm and stillness in the houses and in the streets； of the fifty thousand living in a town； there is not one who would cry out； who would give vent to his indignation aloud。 We see the people going to market for provisions； eating by day； sleeping by night； talking their silly nonse nse； getting married； growing old； serenely escorting their dead to the cemetery； but we do not see and we do not hear those who suffer； and what is terrible in life goes on somewhere behind the scenes。 。 。 。 Everything is quiet and peaceful； and nothing protests but mute statistics： so many people gone out of their minds； so many gallons of vodka drunk； so many children dead from malnutrition。 。 。 。 And this order of things is evidently necessary； evidently the happy man only feels at ease because the unhappy bear their burdens in silence； and without that silence happiness would be impossible。 It's a case of general hypnotism。 There ought to be behind the door of every happy； contented man some one standing with a hammer continually reminding him with a tap that there are unhappy people； that however happy he may be； life will show him her laws sooner or later； trouble will come for him disease； poverty； losses； and no one will see or hear； just as now he neither sees nor hears others。 But there is no man with a hammer； the happy man lives at his ease； and trivial daily cares faintly agitate him like the wind in the aspen…tree and all goes well。
〃That night I realized that I； too； was happy and contented；〃 Ivan Ivanovitch went on； getting up。 〃I； too； at dinner and at the hunt liked to lay down the law on life and religion； and the way to manage the peasantry。 I； too； used to say that science was light； that culture was essential； but for the simple people reading and writing was enough for the time。 Freedom is a blessing； I used to say； we can no more do without it than without air； but we must wait a little。 Yes； I used to talk like that； and now I ask； 'For what reason are we to wait？' 〃 asked Ivan Ivanovitch； looking angrily at Burkin。 〃Why wait； I ask you？ What grounds have we for waiting？ I shall be told； it can't be done all at once； every idea takes shape in life gradually； in its due time。 But who is it says that？ Where is the proof that it's right？ You will fall back upon the natural order of things； the uniformity of