lectures16+17- 第5部分

sunrise；　sitting　in　the　ruins　of　the　castle　of　Faucigny；　and



again　in　the　mountains；　under　the　noonday　sun；　above　Lavey；　lying



at　the　foot　of　a　tree　and　visited　by　three　butterflies；　once　more



at　night　upon　the　shingly　shore　of　the　Northern　Ocean；　my　back



upon　the　sand　and　my　vision　ranging　through　the　Milky　Way；such



grand　and　spacious；　immortal；　cosmogonic　reveries；　when　one



reaches　to　the　stars；　when　one　owns　the　infinite！　　Moments



divine；　ecstatic　hours；　in　which　our　thought　flies　from　world　to



world；　pierces　the　great　enigma；　breathes　with　a　respiration



broad；　tranquil；　and　deep　as　the　respiration　of　the　ocean；　serene



and　limitless　as　the　blue　firmament；　。　。　。　instants　of



irresistible　intuition　in　which　one　feels　one's　self　great　as　the



universe；　and　calm　as　a　god。　。　。　。　　What　hours；　what　memories！



The　vestiges　they　leave　behind　are　enough　to　fill　us　with　belief



and　enthusiasm；　as　if　they　were　visits　of　the　Holy　Ghost。〃＇238＇







＇238＇　Op　cit。；　i。　43…44















Here　is　a　similar　record　from　the　memoirs　of　that　interesting



German　idealist；　Malwida　von　Meysenbug：







〃I　was　alone　upon　the　seashore　as　all　these　thoughts　flowed　over



me；　liberating　and　reconciling；　and　now　again；　as　once　before　in



distant　days　in　the　Alps　of　Dauphine；　I　was　impelled　to　kneel



down；　this　time　before　the　illimitable　ocean；　symbol　of　the



Infinite。　　I　felt　that　I　prayed　as　I　had　never　prayed　before；　and



knew　now　what　prayer　really　is：　　to　return　from　the　solitude　of



individuation　into　the　consciousness　of　unity　with　all　that　is；



to　kneel　down　as　one　that　passes　away；　and　to　rise　up　as　one　



imperishable。　　Earth；　heaven；　and　sea　resounded　as　in　one　vast



world…encircling　harmony。　　It　was　as　if　the　chorus　of　all　the



great　who　had　ever　lived　were　about　me。　　I　felt　myself　one　with



them；　and　it　appeared　as　if　I　heard　their　greeting：　　'Thou　too



belongest　to　the　company　of　those　who　overcome。'〃＇239＇







＇239＇　Memoiren　einer　Idealistin；　Ste　Auflage；　1900；　iii。　166。　



For　years　she　had　been　unable　to　pray；　owing　to　materialistic



belief。















The　well　known　passage　from　Walt　Whitman　is　a　classical



expression　of　this　sporadic　type　of　mystical　experience。







　〃I　believe　in　you；　my　Soul　。　。　。　　



Loaf　with　me　on　the　grass；　loose　the　stop　from　your　throat；。　。　。　



Only　the　lull　I　like；　the　hum　of　your　valved　voice。　　



I　mind　how　once　we　lay；　such　a　transparent　summer　morning。　　



Swiftly　arose　and　spread　around　me　the　peace　and　knowledge　　　　　　



　　　　　that　pass　all　the　argument　of　the　earth；　　



And　I　know　that　the　hand　of　God　is　the　promise　of　my　own；　　



And　I　know　that　the　spirit　of　God　is　the　brother　of　my　own；　　



And　that　all　the　men　ever　born　are　also　my　brothers　and　the　　　　　



　　　　　　women　my　sisters　and　lovers；　　



And　that　a　kelson　of　the　creation　is　love。〃＇240＇







＇240＇　Whitman　in　another　place　expresses　in　a　quieter　way　what



was　probably　with　him　a　chronic　mystical　perception：　　〃There　is；〃



he　writes；　〃apart　from　mere　intellect；　in　the　make…up　of　every



superior　human　identity；　a　wondrous　something　that　realizes



without　argument；　frequently　without　what　is　called　education



（though　I　think　it　the　goal　and　apex　of　all　education　deserving



the　name）；　an　intuition　of　the　absolute　balance；　in　time　and



space；　of　the　whole　of　this　multifariousness　this　revel　of　fools；



and　incredible　make…believe　and　general　unsettiedness；　we　call



THE　WORLD；　a　soul…sight　of　that　divine　clue　and　unseen　thread



which　holds　the　whole　congeries　of　things；　all　history　and　time；



and　all　events；　however　trivial；　however　momentous；　like　a



leashed　dog　in　the　hand　of　the　hunter。　　＇Of＇　such　soul…sight　and



root…centre　for　the　mind　mere　optimism　explains　only　the



surface。〃　　Whitman　charges　it　against　Carlyle　that　he　lacked　this



perception。　　Specimen　Days　and　Collect；　Philadelphia；　1882；　p。



174。















I　could　easily　give　more　instances；　but　one　will　suffice。　　I　take



it　from　the　Autobiography　of　J。　Trevor。＇241＇







＇241＇　My　Quest　for　God；　London；　1897；　pp。　268；　269；　abridged。















〃One　brilliant　Sunday　morning；　my　wife　and　boys　went　to　the



Unitarian　Chapel　in　Macclesfield。　　I　felt　it　impossible　to



accompany　themas　though　to　leave　the　sunshine　on　the　hills；　and



go　down　there　to　the　chapel；　would　be　for　the　time　an　act　of



spiritual　suicide。　　And　I　felt　such　need　for　new　inspiration　and



expansion　in　my　life。　　So；　very　reluctantly　and　sadly；　I　left　my



wife　and　boys　to　go　down　into　the　town；　while　I　went　further　up



into　the　hills　with　my　stick　and　my　dog。　　In　the　loveliness　of



the　morning；　and　the　beauty　of　the　hills　and　valleys；　I　soon　lost



my　sense　of　sadness　and　regret。　　For　nearly　an　hour　I　walked



along　the　road　to　the　'Cat　and　Fiddle；'　and　then　returned。　　On



the　way　back；　suddenly；　without　warning；　I　felt　that　I　was　in



Heavenan　inward　state　of　peace　and　joy　and　assurance



indescribably　intense；　accompanied　with　a　sense　of　being　bathed



in　a　warm　glow　of　light；　as　though　the　external　condition　had



brought　about　the　internal　effecta　feeling　of　having　passed



beyond　the　body；　though　the　scene　around　me　stood　out　more



clearly　and　as　if　nearer　to　me　than　before；　by　reason　of　the



illumination　in　the　midst　of　which　I　seemed　to　be　placed。　　This



deep　emotion　lasted；　though　with　decreasing　strength；　until　I



reached　home；　and　for　some　time　after；　only　gradually　passing



away。〃







The　writer　adds　that　having　had　further　experiences　of　a　similar



sort；　he　now　knows　them　well。







〃The　spiritual　life；〃　he　writes；　〃justifies　itself　to　those　who



live　it；　but　what　can　we　say　to　those　who　do　not　understand？　



This；　at　least；　we　can　say；　that　it　is　a　life　whose　experiences



are　proved　real　to　their　possessor；　because　they　remain　with　him



when　brought　closest　into　contact　with　the　objective　realities　of



life。　Dreams　cannot　stand　this　test。　　We　wake　from　them　to　find



that　they　are　but　dreams。　　Wanderings　of　an　overwrought　brain　do



not　stand　this　test。　　These　highest　experiences　that　I　have　had



of　God's　presence　have　been　rare　and　briefflashes　of



consciousness　which　have　compelled　me　to　exclaim　with



surpriseGod　is　HERE！or　conditions　of　exaltation　and　insight；



less　intense；　and　only　gradually　passing　away。　　I　have　severely



questioned　the　worth　of　these　moments。　　To　no　soul　have　I　named



them；　lest　I　should　be　building　my　life　and　work　on　mere



phantasies　of　the　brain。　　But　I　find　that；　after　every



questioning　and　test；　they　stand　out　to…day　as　the　most　real



experiences　of　my　life；　and　experiences　which　have　explained　and



justified　and　unified　all　past　experiences　and　all　past　growth。　



Indeed；　their　reality　and　their　far…reaching　significance　are



ever　becoming　more　clear　and　evident。　　When　they　came；　I　was



living　the　fullest；　strongest；　sanest；　deepest　life。　　I　was　not



seeking　them。　　What　I　was　seeking；　with　resolute　determination；



was　to　live　more　intensely　my　own　life；　as　against　what　I　knew



would　be　the　adverse　judgment　of　the　world。　　It　was　in　the　most



real　seasons　that　the　Real　Presence　came；　and　I　was　aware　that　I



was　immersed　in　the　infinite　ocean　of　God。〃＇242＇







＇242＇　Op。　cit。；　pp。　256；　257；　abridged。















Even　the　least　mystical　of　you　must　by　this　time　be　convinced　of



the　existence　of　mystical　moments　as　states　of　consciousness　of



an　entirely　specific　quality；　and　of　the　deep　impression　which



they　make　on　those　who　have　them。　　A　Canadian　psychiatrist；　Dr。



R。　M。　Bucke；　gives　to　the　more　distinctly　characterized　of　these



phenomena　the　name　of　cosmic　consciousness。　　〃Cosmic



consciousness　in　its　more　striking　instances　is　not；〃　Dr。　Bucke



says；　〃simply　an　expansion　or　extension　of　the　self…conscious



mind　with　which　we　are　all　familiar；　but　the　superaddition　of　a



function　as　distinct　from　any　possessed　by　the　average　man　as



SELF…consciousness　is　distinct　from　any　function　possessed　by　one



of　the　higher　animals。〃







〃The　prime　characteristic　of　cosmic　consciousness　is　a



consciousness　of　the　cosmos；　that　is；　of　the　life　and　order　of



the　universe。　　Along　with　the　consciousness　of　the　cosmos　there



occurs　an　intellectual　enlightenment　which　alone　would　place　the



individual　on　a　new　plane　of　existencewould　make　him　almost　a



member　of　a　new　species。　　To　this　is　added　a　state　of　moral



exaltation；　an　indescribable　feeling　of　elevation；　elation；　and



joyousness；　and　a　quickening　of　the　moral　sense；　which　is　fully



as　striking；　and　more　important　than　is　the　enhanced　intellectual



power。　　With　these　come　what　may　be　called　a　sense　of



immortality；　a　consciousness　of　eternal　life；　not　a　conviction



that　he　shall　have　this；　but　the　consciousness　that　he　has　it



already。〃＇243＇







＇243＇　Cosmic　Consciousness：　　a　study　in　the　evolution　of　the



human　Mind；　Philadelphia；　1901；　p。　2。















It　was　Dr。　Bucke's　own　experience　of　a　typical　onset　of　cosmic



consciousness　in　his　own　person　which　led　him　to　investigate　it



in　others。　　He　has　printed　his　conclusions　In　a　highly



interesting　volume；　from　which　I　take　the　following　account　of



what　occurred　to　him：







〃I　had　spent　the　evening　in　a　great　city；　with　two　friends；



reading　and　discussing　poetry　and　philosophy。　　We　parted　at



midnight。　　I　had　a　long　drive　in　a　hansom　to　my　lodging。　　My



mind；　deeply　under　the　influence　of　the