¡¶misc writings and speeches(Ã×˹¿Ë˵Óëд)¡·

ÏÂÔØ±¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

misc writings and speeches(Ã×˹¿Ë˵Óëд)- µÚ15²¿·Ö


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡

it¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡produce£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡absolutely¡¡

necessary¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡delineate¡¡¡¡¡¡accurately¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨all¡¡¡¡¡¡monstrous£»¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡prodigious¡¡

things£»¡¨to¡¡utter¡¡what¡¡might¡¡to¡¡others¡¡appear¡¡¡¨unutterable£»¡¨to¡¡relate¡¡with¡¡

the¡¡air¡¡of¡¡truth¡¡what¡¡fables¡¡had¡¡never¡¡feigned£»to¡¡embody¡¡what¡¡fear¡¡had¡¡

never¡¡¡¡¡¡conceived¡£¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡frankly¡¡¡¡¡¡confess¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡vague¡¡¡¡¡¡sublimity¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Milton¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡affects¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡reviled¡¡¡¡¡¡details¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡read¡¡

Milton£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡¡¡know¡¡that¡¡we¡¡¡¡are¡¡reading¡¡a¡¡great¡¡poet¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡we¡¡¡¡read¡¡

Dante£»¡¡the¡¡poet¡¡vanishes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡are¡¡listening¡¡to¡¡the¡¡man¡¡who¡¡has¡¡returned¡¡

from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡valley¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dolorous¡¡¡¡¡¡abyss£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨¡¨Lavalle¡¡¡¡¡¡d'abisso¡¡¡¡¡¡doloroso¡£¡¨¡¡

Inferno£»¡¡¡¡¡¡cantoiv¡££©we¡¡¡¡¡¡seem¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dilated¡¡¡¡¡¡eye¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡horror£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hear¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

shuddering¡¡¡¡¡¡accents¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡tells¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡fearful¡¡¡¡¡¡tale¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Considered¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡light£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡narratives¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡exactly¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be£»definite¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

themselves£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡suggesting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ideas¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡awful¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡indefinite¡¡

wonder¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡are¡¡made¡¡up¡¡of¡¡the¡¡images¡¡of¡¡the¡¡earth£º¡­¡¡¡­they¡¡are¡¡told¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡language¡¡of¡¡the¡¡earth¡£Yet¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡effect¡¡is£»¡¡beyond¡¡expression£»¡¡wild¡¡

and¡¡unearthly¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡fact¡¡is£»¡¡that¡¡supernatural¡¡beings£»¡¡as¡¡long¡¡as¡¡they¡¡are¡¡

considered¡¡merely¡¡with¡¡reference¡¡to¡¡their¡¡own¡¡nature£»¡¡excite¡¡our¡¡feelings¡¡

very¡¡¡¡feebly¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡gulf¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡separates¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

passed£»¡¡when¡¡we¡¡suspect¡¡some¡¡strange¡¡and¡¡undefinable¡¡relation¡¡between¡¡

the¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡the¡¡visible¡¡and¡¡the¡¡invisible¡¡world£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡rouse£»¡¡perhaps£»¡¡the¡¡

strongest¡¡emotions¡¡of¡¡which¡¡our¡¡nature¡¡is¡¡capable¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡How¡¡many¡¡children£»¡¡

and¡¡how¡¡many¡¡men£»¡¡are¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡ghosts£»¡¡who¡¡are¡¡not¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡God£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡54¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡55¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



this£»¡¡¡¡¡¡because£»¡¡¡¡¡¡though¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡entertain¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡stronger¡¡¡¡¡¡conviction¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

existence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡Deity¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡reality¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡apparitions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡

apprehension¡¡that¡¡he¡¡will¡¡manifest¡¡himself¡¡to¡¡them¡¡in¡¡any¡¡sensible¡¡manner¡£¡¡

While¡¡this¡¡is¡¡the¡¡case£»¡¡to¡¡describe¡¡superhuman¡¡beings¡¡in¡¡the¡¡language£»¡¡and¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡attribute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡actions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡humanity¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡grotesque£»¡¡

unphilosophical£»¡¡¡¡¡¡inconsistent£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡mode¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡working¡¡

upon¡¡the¡¡feelings¡¡of¡¡men£»¡¡and£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡the¡¡only¡¡mode¡¡suited¡¡for¡¡poetry¡£¡¡

Shakspeare¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡understood¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡well£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡understood¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡everything¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡

belonged¡¡to¡¡his¡¡art¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Who¡¡does¡¡not¡¡sympathise¡¡with¡¡the¡¡rapture¡¡of¡¡Ariel£»¡¡

flying¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡sunset¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wings¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡bat£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡sucking¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cups¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

flowers¡¡with¡¡the¡¡bee£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Who¡¡does¡¡not¡¡shudder¡¡at¡¡the¡¡caldron¡¡of¡¡Macbeth£¿¡¡

Where¡¡is¡¡the¡¡philosopher¡¡who¡¡is¡¡not¡¡moved¡¡when¡¡he¡¡thinks¡¡of¡¡the¡¡strange¡¡

connection¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡infernal¡¡¡¡¡¡spirits¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡sow's¡¡¡¡¡¡blood¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡hath¡¡

eaten¡¡her¡¡nine¡¡farrow£¿¡¨¡¡But¡¡this¡¡difficult¡¡task¡¡of¡¡representing¡¡supernatural¡¡

beings¡¡to¡¡our¡¡minds£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡manner¡¡which¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡neither¡¡unintelligible¡¡to¡¡

our¡¡intellects¡¡¡¡¡¡nor¡¡¡¡¡¡wholly¡¡¡¡inconsistent¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡ideas¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡nature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡

never¡¡been¡¡so¡¡well¡¡performed¡¡as¡¡by¡¡Dante¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡will¡¡refer¡¡to¡¡three¡¡instances£»¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are£»¡¡¡¡¡¡perhaps£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡striking£º¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡­the¡¡¡¡¡¡description¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

transformations¡¡of¡¡the¡¡serpents¡¡and¡¡the¡¡robbers£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡twenty¡­fifth¡¡canto¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡Inferno£»the¡¡passage¡¡concerning¡¡Nimrod£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡thirty¡­first¡¡canto¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡same¡¡part£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡magnificent¡¡procession¡¡in¡¡the¡¡twenty¡­ninth¡¡canto¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡Purgatorio¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡metaphors¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡comparisons¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡¡¡¡¡¡harmonise¡¡¡¡¡¡admirably¡¡¡¡with¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡air¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡strong¡¡¡¡¡¡reality¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡spoken¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡

peculiar¡¡¡¡¡¡character¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡perhaps¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡poet¡¡¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡writings¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡

become¡¡much¡¡less¡¡intelligible¡¡if¡¡all¡¡illustrations¡¡of¡¡this¡¡sort¡¡were¡¡expunged¡£¡¡

His¡¡similes¡¡are¡¡frequently¡¡rather¡¡those¡¡of¡¡a¡¡traveller¡¡than¡¡of¡¡a¡¡poet¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

employs¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡display¡¡¡¡his¡¡ingenuity¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡fanciful¡¡¡¡¡¡analogies£»not¡¡¡¡to¡¡

delight¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡reader¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡affording¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡distant¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡passing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡glimpse¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

beautiful¡¡images¡¡remote¡¡from¡¡the¡¡path¡¡in¡¡which¡¡he¡¡is¡¡proceeding£»¡¡but¡¡to¡¡

give¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡exact¡¡¡¡¡¡idea¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡objects¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡describing£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡comparing¡¡

them¡¡with¡¡others¡¡generally¡¡known¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡boiling¡¡pitch¡¡in¡¡Malebolge¡¡was¡¡

like¡¡that¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Venetian¡¡arsenal£ºthe¡¡mound¡¡on¡¡which¡¡he¡¡travelled¡¡along¡¡

the¡¡banks¡¡of¡¡Phlegethon¡¡was¡¡like¡¡that¡¡between¡¡Ghent¡¡and¡¡Bruges£»¡¡but¡¡not¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡55¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡56¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



so¡¡large£ºthe¡¡cavities¡¡where¡¡the¡¡Simoniacal¡¡prelates¡¡are¡¡confined¡¡resemble¡¡

the¡¡Fonts¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Church¡¡of¡¡John¡¡at¡¡Florence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Every¡¡reader¡¡of¡¡Dante¡¡will¡¡

recall¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡illustrations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡description£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡add¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡

appearance¡¡of¡¡sincerity¡¡and¡¡earnestness¡¡from¡¡which¡¡the¡¡narrative¡¡derives¡¡

so¡¡much¡¡of¡¡its¡¡interest¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Many¡¡of¡¡his¡¡comparisons£»¡¡again£»¡¡are¡¡intended¡¡to¡¡give¡¡an¡¡exact¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡

his¡¡feelings¡¡under¡¡particular¡¡circumstances¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡delicate¡¡shades¡¡of¡¡grief£»¡¡

of¡¡fear£»¡¡of¡¡anger£»¡¡are¡¡rarely¡¡discriminated¡¡with¡¡sufficient¡¡accuracy¡¡in¡¡the¡¡

language¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡refined¡¡¡¡¡¡nations¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡rude¡¡¡¡dialect¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡abounds¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

nice¡¡distinctions¡¡of¡¡this¡¡kind¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡¡therefore¡¡employs¡¡the¡¡most¡¡accurate¡¡

and¡¡infinitely¡¡the¡¡most¡¡poetical¡¡mode¡¡of¡¡marking¡¡the¡¡precise¡¡state¡¡of¡¡his¡¡

mind¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Every¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡person¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡experienced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡bewildering¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡effect¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

sudden¡¡bad¡¡tidings£»the¡¡stupefaction£»the¡¡vague¡¡doubt¡¡of¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡of¡¡our¡¡

own¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡perceptions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡produce£»will¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡understand¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡following¡¡

simile£º¡¨I¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡dreameth¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡¡¡¡¡harm£»who£»¡¡¡¡¡¡dreaming£»¡¡

wishes¡¡that¡¡it¡¡may¡¡be¡¡all¡¡a¡¡dream£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡he¡¡desires¡¡that¡¡which¡¡is¡¡as¡¡though¡¡

it¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡equally¡¡¡¡¡¡striking¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

expressive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡similitudes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡comparisons¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Homer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Milton¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

magnificent¡¡¡¡¡¡digressions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡scarcely¡¡¡¡¡¡injures¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡effect¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡detach¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡

from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡work¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Those¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡different¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡derive¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

beauty¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡context£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡reflect¡¡¡¡¡¡beauty¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡embroidery¡¡

cannot¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡taken¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡spoiling¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡web¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡cannot¡¡¡¡¡¡dismiss¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡subject¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡advising¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡person¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡muster¡¡

sufficient¡¡Italian¡¡to¡¡read¡¡the¡¡simile¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sheep£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡third¡¡canto¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

Purgatorio¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡think¡¡it¡¡the¡¡most¡¡perfect¡¡passage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kind¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world£»¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡imaginative£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡picturesque£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sweetly¡¡

expressed¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No¡¡person¡¡can¡¡have¡¡attended¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Divine¡¡Comedy¡¡without¡¡observing¡¡

how¡¡little¡¡impression¡¡the¡¡forms¡¡of¡¡the¡¡external¡¡world¡¡appear¡¡to¡¡have¡¡made¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡of¡¡Dante¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡temper¡¡and¡¡his¡¡situation¡¡had¡¡led¡¡him¡¡to¡¡fix¡¡his¡¡

observation¡¡almost¡¡exclusively¡¡on¡¡human¡¡nature¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡exquisite¡¡opening¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡eighth*¡¡canto¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Purgatorio¡¡affords¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡instance¡¡of¡¡this¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨I¡¡

cannot¡¡help¡¡observing¡¡that¡¡Gray's¡¡imitation¡¡of¡¡that¡¡noble¡¡line¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Che¡¡paia¡¡'lgiorna¡¡pianger¡¡che¡¡si¡¡muore£»¡¨¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡56¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡57¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡striking¡¡¡¡¡¡instances¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡injudicious¡¡¡¡¡¡plagiarism¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

which¡¡I¡¡am¡¡acquainted¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡¡did¡¡not¡¡put¡¡this¡¡strong¡¡personification¡¡at¡¡

the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡his¡¡description¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡imagination¡¡of¡¡the¡¡reader¡¡is¡¡so¡¡well¡¡

prepared¡¡for¡¡it¡¡by¡¡the¡¡previous¡¡lines£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡appears¡¡perfectly¡¡natural¡¡and¡¡

pathetic¡£¡¡Placed¡¡as¡¡Gray¡¡has¡¡placed¡¡it£»¡¡neither¡¡preceded¡¡nor¡¡followed¡¡by¡¡

anything¡¡that¡¡harmonises¡¡with¡¡it£»¡¡it¡¡becomes¡¡a¡¡frigid¡¡conceit¡£¡¡Woe¡¡to¡¡the¡¡

unskilful¡¡rider¡¡who¡¡ventures¡¡on¡¡the¡¡horses¡¡of¡¡Achilles£¡£©¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡leaves¡¡to¡¡others¡¡the¡¡earth£»¡¡the¡¡ocean£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡sky¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡business¡¡is¡¡

with¡¡man¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡other¡¡writers£»¡¡evening¡¡may¡¡be¡¡the¡¡season¡¡of¡¡dews¡¡and¡¡stars¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡radiant¡¡¡¡¡¡clouds¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡¡¡¡¡Dante¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡hour¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡fond¡¡¡¡¡¡recollection¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

passionate¡¡¡¡¡¡devotion£»the¡¡¡¡¡¡hour¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡melts¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡heart¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mariner¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

kindles¡¡the¡¡love¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pilgrim£»the¡¡hour¡¡when¡¡the¡¡toll¡¡of¡¡the¡¡bell¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡

mourn¡¡for¡¡another¡¡day¡¡which¡¡is¡¡gone¡¡and¡¡will¡¡return¡¡no¡¡more¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡feeling¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡age¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡taken¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡direction¡¡¡¡¡¡diametrically¡¡

opposite¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡magnificence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡physical¡¡world£»¡¡and¡¡its¡¡influence¡¡upon¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡human¡¡¡¡¡¡mind£»¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡favourite¡¡¡¡¡¡themes¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡eminent¡¡

poets¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡herd¡¡of¡¡bluestocking¡¡ladies¡¡and¡¡sonneteering¡¡gentlemen¡¡seem¡¡

to¡¡consider¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡sensibility¡¡to¡¡the¡¡¡¨splendour¡¡of¡¡the¡¡grass£»¡¡the¡¡glory¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡flower£»¡¨¡¡as¡¡an¡¡ingredient¡¡absolutely¡¡indispensable¡¡in¡¡the¡¡formation¡¡of¡¡a¡¡

poetical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡treat¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡contempt¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡writers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

unfortunately¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nec¡¡ponere¡¡lucum¡¡Artifices£»¡¡nec¡¡rus¡¡saturum¡¡laudare¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡orthodox¡¡¡¡¡¡poetical¡¡¡¡¡¡creed¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡Catholic¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡noblest¡¡¡¡¡¡earthly¡¡

object¡¡of¡¡the¡¡contemplation¡¡of¡¡man¡¡is¡¡man¡¡himself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡universe£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡

its¡¡fair¡¡and¡¡glorious¡¡forms£»¡¡are¡¡indeed¡¡included¡¡in¡¡the¡¡wide¡¡empire¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

imagination£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡placed¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡sanctuary
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü